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Zodiac Killer



After the "Pines" card, the Zodiac remained silent for nearly three years, after which the Chronicle received a letter from the Zodiac, postmarked January 29, 1974, praising The Exorcist as "the best saterical comidy [sic]" that he had ever seen. The letter included a snippet of verse from The Mikado and an unusual symbol at the bottom that has gone unexplained by researchers. Zodiac concluded the letter with a new score, "Me = 37, SFPD = 0".[49]

The Chronicle received another letter postmarked February 14, 1974, informing the editor that the initials for the Symbionese Liberation Army spelled out an Old Norse word meaning "kill".[50][51] However, the handwriting was not authenticated as the Zodiac's.

Another letter received by the Chronicle, postmarked May 8, 1974, featured a complaint that the movie Badlands was "murder-glorification" and asked the paper to cut its advertisements. Signed only "A citizen", the handwriting, tone, and surface irony are all similar to prior Zodiac communications.[52]

The Chronicle received an anonymous letter postmarked July 8, 1974, complaining about one of its columnists, Marco Spinelli. The letter was signed "the Red Phantom (red with rage)". The Zodiac's authorship of this letter is debated.[53]

Another four years passed without communication (purported or verified) from the Zodiac. A letter of April 24, 1978, was initially deemed authentic, but was declared by three other experts to be a hoax less than three months later. In recent years, however, the letter has been deemed in some quarters as authentic. Toschi, the SFPD homicide detective who had been on the case since the Stine murder, was thought to have forged the letter, since author Armistead Maupin thought it similar to "fan mail" he received in 1976 that he believed was authored by Toschi. While he admitted writing the fan mail, Toschi denied forging the Zodiac letter and was eventually cleared of any charges. The authenticity of the letter remains in question.

On March 3, 2007, it was reported that an American Greetings Christmas card sent to the Chronicle postmarked 1990 in Eureka had been recently discovered in their photo files by editorial assistant Daniel King.[54] Inside the envelope with the card was a photocopy of two U.S. Postal keys on a magnet keychain. The handwriting on the envelope resembles Zodiac's print, but was declared inauthentic by forensic document examiner Lloyd Cunningham. Not all Zodiac experts, however, agree with Cunningham's analysis.[55] There is no return address on the envelope nor is his crossed-circle signature to be found. The card itself is unmarked.[56] The Chronicle turned over all the material to the Vallejo Police Department for further analysis.

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Current status

The last SFPD investigators of the case were Homicide Detail Inspectors Michael N. Maloney and Kelly Carroll. They were the first to submit DNA evidence from Zodiac's letters for analysis, which resulted in a partial genetic profile. DNA testing seems to have conclusively ruled out their lead suspect, Arthur Leigh Allen,[57] and later Mike Rodelli's suspect, a prominent San Francisco businessman who lived near Paul Stine's murder scene.[58]

The SFPD marked the case "inactive" in April 2004, citing caseload pressure and resource demands.[58] They reopened the case some time before March 2007 and returned evidence to Vallejo police for additional DNA testing, where the case has remained open.[59] The case is also open in Napa County[59] and Riverside[60].

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Arthur Leigh Allen

Main article: Arthur Leigh Allen

Arthur Leigh Allen was the prime suspect in the Zodiac murders. Although he was never charged in the case, many believed him to have been the infamous Zodiac serial killer. Among the sources that theorize Allen as the killer are Robert Graysmith's book Zodiac and the 2007 film by David Fincher entitled Zodiac. The plot of the film seemingly makes a case for Allen as the killer.

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The Zodiac Killer in popular culture

Main article: The Zodiac Killer in popular culture

The Zodiac Killer's crimes, letters and cryptograms to police and newspapers inspired many movies, novels, television and more.

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References

  1. ^ Graysmith, Robert (1976). Zodiac. Berkley, 4 - 7. ISBN 0-425-09808-7. 
  2. ^ Graysmith, pp. 26 - 28.
  3. ^ Graysmith, pp. 32 - 33.
  4. ^ Vallejo. AOL. Retrieved on 2007-04-27.
  5. ^ Graysmith, p. 29.
  6. ^ a b Graysmith, pp. 54 - 55.
  7. ^ Graysmith, p. 49.
  8. ^ Coded Clues in Murders. San Francisco Chronicle, 2 August 1969. Accessed 21 July 2007.
  9. ^ Graysmith, pp. 55 - 57.
  10. ^ Graysmith, pp. 62 - 77
  11. ^ Message written on Hartnell's car door
  12. ^ Stanley, Pat (2007-02-18). Zodiac on the line .... Napa Valley Register. Retrieved on 2007-02-18.
  13. ^ Dorgan, Marsha (2007-02-18). Online exclusive: In the wake, of the Zodiac. Napa Valley Register. Retrieved on 2007-05-10.
  14. ^ Carson, L. Pierce (2007-02-18). Zodiac victim: 'I refused to die'. Napa Valley Register. Retrieved on 2007-02-18.
  15. ^ Girl Dies of Stabbing at Berryessa. San Francisco Chronicle. Retrieved on 2007-11-24.
  16. ^ Dorgan, Marsha (2007-02-18). Tracking the mark of the Zodiac for decades. Napa Valley Register. Retrieved on 2007-02-18.
  17. ^ Drake, Rossiter. Author believes he knows Zodiac Killer's identity; San Francisco Examiner; 2007-03-01; accessed 2007-03-07.
  18. ^ "I've Killed Seven" The Zodiac Claims. San Francisco Chronicle, 12 November 1969.
  19. ^ New Letters From Zodiac -- Boast of More Killings. San Francisco Chronicle, 12 November 1969.
  20. ^ McCarthy, Chris. Alphabet of the 340 Character Zodiac Cypher.
  21. ^ a b Police report
  22. ^ a b This Is The Zodiac Speaking/Highway 132
  23. ^ Johns profile
  24. ^ a b "My Name Is" letter; accessed 2007-03-08
  25. ^ a b Zamorra, Jim Herron. 1967-71 -- a bloody period for S.F. police. San Francisco Chronicle; 2007-01-27; accessed 2007-03-07
  26. ^ Dragon card letter
  27. ^ Button letter
  28. ^ Zodiac map letter
  29. ^ Zodiac Johns letter
  30. ^ Zodiac Mikado letter
  31. ^ Zodiac Mikado letter, cont.
  32. ^ Rowlett, Curt, Labyrinth13: True Tales of the Occult, Crime & Conspiracy, Chapter 9, The Z Files: Labyrinth13 Examines the Zodiac Murders, The Rhyme of the Radian, pp. 64-68. (Lulu Press, 2006). ISBN 1-4116-6083-8.
  33. ^ Gilbert and Sullivan Clue to Zodiac. San Francisco Chronicle, October 12, 1970.
  34. ^ Graysmith, p. 160.
  35. ^ Graysmith, pp. 161 - 162.
  36. ^ a b Graysmith, pp. 165 - 166.
  37. ^ Photo of watch found near Bates' body. Accessed 21 July 2007.
  38. ^ Riverside. Accessed 21 July 2007.
  39. ^ Graysmith, pp. 168 - 169.
  40. ^ Graysmith, pp. 170 - 172.
  41. ^ Riverside and the Zodiac. Accessed 21 July 2007.
  42. ^ L.A. Times 1971 Zodiac letter Accessed 21 July 2007.
  43. ^ Zimmerman, Janet. New movie 'Zodiac' includes Redlands resident's attack Riverside Press-Enterprise, March 1, 2007. Accessed March 13, 2007.
  44. ^ Zodiac postcard
  45. ^ a b Message board containing email from former Lake Tahoe police oficer
  46. ^ Graysmith, p. 178.
  47. ^ Lass profile
  48. ^ Santa Barbara Sheriff Detective Bill Baker explains the case on a message board. Accessed 21 July 2007.
  49. ^ Zodiac Exorcist letter
  50. ^ Tips Still Pursue Multiple Slayer. San Francisco Chronicle, 26 August 1976.
  51. ^ SLA Letter
  52. ^ Citizen Letter
  53. ^ Red Phantom letter
  54. ^ Williams, Lance. Zodiac's written clues fascinate document expert. San Francisco Chronicle, March 3, 2007. Accessed March 15, 2007.
  55. ^ Freedman, Rich. Zodiac: Did killer send card in 1990?; The Vallejo Times Herald, March 3, 2007. Accessed March 16, 2007.
  56. ^ Christmas card envelope; Christmas card front; Christmas card interior; Photocopy of Christmas card keys and pencil. Accessed March 15, 2007.
  57. ^ Weiss, Mike; DNA seems to clear only Zodiac suspect; San Francisco Chronicle; 2002-10-12; accessed 2007-02-28
  58. ^ a b Goodyear, Charles; Files shut on Zodiac's deadly trail; San Francisco Chronicle; 2004-04-07; accessed 2007-02-28
  59. ^ a b Goldman-Hall, Jason; Police still keep Zodiac Killer's case open; San Francisco Examiner; 2007-03-01; accessed 2008-03-22
  60. ^ Hill, Lisa O'Neill; Sleuths keep mysterious death alive (reprint)]; Riverside Press-Enterprise; 2002-05-13; accessed 2008-03-22

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Further reading

  • Beeman, William (writing as “Dr. Oscar Henry Jigglelance”) Jack the Zodiac Parts I & II (White Lite Publishing, Vallejo, CA, 1990).
  • Davis, Howard, The Zodiac/Manson Connection (Pen Power Publications, Costa Mesa, CA, March 1997). ISBN 0-9629-0842-8.
  • Graysmith, Robert, Zodiac (Berkeley; reissue edition, January 2007). ISBN 0-4252-1218-1.
  • Graysmith, Robert, Zodiac Unmasked: The Identity of America's Most Elusive Serial Killer (Berkeley; reissue edition, January 2007). ISBN 0-4252-1273-4.
  • Kelleher, Michael D. and Van Nuys, David, “This is the Zodiac Speaking”: Into the Mind of a Serial Killer (Praeger Publishers, Westport, CT, January 2002). ISBN 0-2759-7338-7.
  • Oswell, Douglas and Rusconi, Michael, Dr. Zodiac: The Unabomber-Zodiac Connection (CD-ROM; Carfax Publishing, Dover, DE, 1998).
  • Penn, Gareth (writing under the pseudonym "George Oakes") Portrait of the Artist as a Mass Murderer, California Magazine November 1981, pp. 111-114, 166-170.
  • Penn, Gareth, Times 17: The Amazing Story of the Zodiac Murders in California and Massachusetts, 1966-1981 (The Foxglove Press, CA, April 1987). ISBN 0-9618-4940-1.
  • Penn, Gareth, The Second Power: A Mathematical Analysis of the Letters Attributed to the Zodiac Murderer and Supplement to Times 17 (self-published booklet 1999).
  • Rasmussen, William T., Corroborating Evidence II (Sunstone Press, 2006). ISBN 0-86534-536-8.
  • Rowlett, Curt, Labyrinth13: True Tales of the Occult, Crime & Conspiracy Chapter 9, The Z Files: Labyrinth13 Examines the Zodiac Murders (Lulu Press, 2006). ISBN 1-4116-6083-8.
  • Rowlett, Curt, Decoding the Zodiac Killer, Issue 43, Paranoia (magazine), Winter 2007, pp. 48-52.

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External links

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