x86-64
It is possible to enter long mode under DOS with a DOS extender similar to DOS/4GW. DOS itself is not aware of that and no benefits should be expected unless running DOS in an emulation with an adequate virtualization driver backend, for example: the mass storage interface.
[
Industry naming conventions
Since AMD64 and Intel 64 are substantially similar, many software and hardware products use one vendor-neutral term to indicate their support for both implementations. AMD's original designation for this processor architecture, "x86-64", is still sometimes used for this purpose, as is the variant "x86_64".[13] Other companies, such as Microsoft and Sun Microsystems, use "x64" (as a contraction of "x86-64") in marketing material.
Many operating systems and products, especially those that introduced x86-64 support prior to Intel's entry into the market, use the term "AMD64" or "amd64" to refer to support for both AMD64 and Intel 64.
- BSD systems such as FreeBSD, NetBSD and OpenBSD support both AMD64 and Intel 64 under the architecture name "amd64".
- Debian GNU/Linux, ubuntu, and Gentoo support both AMD64 and Intel 64 under the architecture name "amd64".
- Java Development Kit (JDK): The name "amd64" is used in directory names containing x86-64 files.
- Microsoft Windows: x64 versions of Windows use the AMD64 moniker to designate various components which use 64-bit technology for IA-32 processors. For example, the system folder on a Windows x64 Edition installation CD-ROM is named "AMD64", in contrast to "i386" in 32-bit versions.
- Solaris: The
isalistcommand in Sun's Solaris operating system identifies both AMD64- and Intel 64–based systems as "amd64".
[
See also
[
Notes and references
- ^ Extending the World's Most Popular Processor Architecture
- ^ AMD (August 10, 2000). "AMD Releases x86-64™ Architectural Specification; Enables Market Driven Migration to 64-Bit Computing". Press release. Retrieved on 2007-08-03.
- ^ AMD64 Architecture Programmer’s Manual Volume 2: System Programming (pdf) p. 70. Retrieved on 2007-08-30.
- ^ "Craig Barrett confirms 64 bit address extensions for Xeon. And Prescott", from The Inquirer
- ^ "A Roundup of 64-Bit Computing", from internetnews.com
- ^ Intel® 64 Architecture. Intel. Retrieved on 2007-06-29.
- ^ Behind Windows x64’s 44-bit Virtual Memory Addressing Limit.
- ^ Everything You Need To Know To Start Programming 64-Bit Windows Systems. “On x64 versions of Windows, the FS register has been replaced by the GS register.”
- ^ Microsoft Developer Network - General Porting Guidelines (64-bit Windows Programming)
- ^ Microsoft Developer Network - Data Access Road Map
- ^ Apple - Mac OS X Leopard - Technology - 64 bit
- ^ Apple - Mac OS X Xcode 2.4 Release Notes: Compiler Tools
- ^ Kevin Van Vechten (August 9, 2006). re: Intel XNU bug report. Darwin-dev mailing list. Apple Computer. Retrieved on 2006-10-05. “The kernel and developer tools have standardized on "x86_64" for the name of the Mach-O architecture”
[
External links
- AMD's free technical documentation for the AMD64 architecture
- AMD's AMD64 documentation on CD-ROM (U.S. and Canada only) and downloadable PDF format
- AMD64 Technology: Overview of the AMD64 Architecture (PDF)
- AMD's "Enhanced Virus Protection"
- Intel tweaks EM64T for full AMD64 compatibility
- Analyst: Intel Reverse-Engineered AMD64
- Early report of differences between Intel IA32e and AMD64
- Porting to 64-bit GNU/Linux Systems, by Andreas Jaeger from GCC Summit 2003 [2]. An excellent paper explaining almost all practical aspects for a transition from 32-bit to 64-bit.
- Tech Report article: 64-bit computing in theory and practice
- Intel 64 Architecture
For more information review our copyright contact and privacy policy.