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Vatican City



The stamp vending machine of the Vatican Postal Service
The stamp vending machine of the Vatican Postal Service

The City is served by an independent, modern telephone system,[30] the Vatican Pharmacy, and post office. The postal system was founded on February 11, 1929, and two days later became operational. On August 1, the state started to release its own postal stamps, under the authority of the Philatelic and Numismatic Office of the Vatican City State.[31] The City's postal service is sometimes recognised as "the best in the world"[32] and mail has been noted to its target before the postal service in Rome.[32] The Vatican also controls its own Internet domain, which is registered as (.va). Broadband service is widely provided within Vatican City. Vatican City has also been given a radio ITU prefix, HV, and this is sometimes used by amateur radio operators.

Vatican Radio, which was organised by Guglielmo Marconi, broadcasts on short-wave, medium-wave and FM frequencies and on the Internet.[33] Its main transmission antennae are located in Italian territory. Television services are provided through another entity, the Vatican Television Center.[34]

L'Osservatore Romano is the multilingual semi-official newspaper of the Holy See. It is published by a private corporation under the direction of Catholic laymen but reports on official information. However, the official texts of documents are in the Acta Apostolicae Sedis, the official gazette of the Holy See, which has an appendix for documents of the Vatican City State.

Vatican Radio, the Vatican Television Center, and L'Osservatore Romano are organs not of the Vatican State but of the Holy See, and are listed as such in the Annuario Pontificio, which places them in the section "Institutions linked with the Holy See", ahead of the sections on the Holy See's diplomatic service abroad and the Diplomatic Corps accredited to the Holy See, after which is placed the section on the State of Vatican City.

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See also

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References

  1. ^ Holy See (Vatican City). CIA — The World Factbook. Retrieved on 2007-02-22.
  2. ^ Vatican City State. Vatican City Government. Retrieved on 2007-11-28.
  3. ^ The Principality of Sealand is generally classified as a micronation, not as an independent sovereign state.
  4. ^ Vatican (search). Online Dictionary. Retrieved on 2007-11-28.
  5. ^ a b c d Lateran Treaty
  6. ^ a b Excerpt of extra-territorial jurisdiction as per the Lateran Treaty of 1929: Article 13
    Italy recognizes the full ownership of the Holy See over the patriarchal Basilicas of St. John Lateran, Sta. Maria Maggiore, and St. Paul, with their annexed buildings.
    The State transfers to the Holy See the free management and administration of the said Basilica of St. Paul and its dependent Monastery, also paying over to the Holy See all monies representing the sums set aside annually for that church in the budget of the Ministry of Education.
    It is also understood that the Holy See shall remain the absolute owner of the edifice of S. Callisto, adjoining Sta. Maria in Trastevere.
    Article 14
    Italy recognizes the full ownership by the Holy See of the Papal Palace of Castel Gandolfo, together with all endowments, appurtenances, and dependencies thereof, which are now already in the possession of the Holy See, and Italy also undertakes to hand over, within six months after the coming into force of the present Treaty, the Villa Barberini in Castel Gandolfo, together with all endowments, appurtenances, and dependencies thereof.
    In order to round off the property situated on the northern side of the Janiculum Hill, belonging to the Sacred Congregation of Propaganda Fide and to other ecclesiastical institutions, which property faces the Vatican Palaces, the State undertakes to transfer to the Holy See or other bodies appointed by it for such purpose, all real estate belonging to the State or to third parties existing in that area. The properties belonging to the said Congregation and to other institutions and those to be transferred being marked on the annexed map.
    Finally, Italy shall transfer to the Holy See, as its full and absolute property, the Convent buildings in Rome attached to the Basilica of the Twelve Holy Apostles and to the churches of San Andrea della Valle and S. Carlo ai Catinari, with all annexes and dependencies thereof, and shall hand them over within one year after the entry into force of the present Treaty, free of all occupants.
    Article 15
    The property indicated in Article 13 hereof and in paragraphs (1) and (2) of Article 14, as well as the Palaces of the Dataria, of the Cancelleria, of the Sacred Congregation of Propaganda Fide in the Piazza di Spagna of the S. Offizio with its annexes, and those of the Convertendi (now the Congregation of the Eastern Church) in Piazza Scossacavelli, the Vicariato, and all other edifices in which the Holy See shall subsequently desire to establish other offices and departments although such edifices form part of the territory belonging to the Italian State, shall enjoy the immunity granted by International Law to the headquarters of the diplomatic agents of foreign States. Similar immunity shall also apply with regard to any other churches (even if situated outside Rome) during such time as, without such churches being open to the public, the Supreme Pontiff shall take part in religious ceremonies celebrated therein.
    Article 16
    The property mentioned in the three preceding Articles, as also that used as headquarters of the following Papal institutions - the Gregorian University, the Biblical, Oriental, and Archaeological Institutes, the Russian Seminary, the Lombard College, the two Palaces of St. Apollinaris, and the Home of the Retreat of the Clergy dedicated to St. John and St. Paul - shall never be subject to charges or to expropriation for reasons of public utility, save by previous agreement with the Holy See, and shall be exempt from any contribution or tax, whether ordinary or extraordinary and payable to the State or to any other body.
    It shall be permissible for the Holy See to deal with all buildings above mentioned or referred to in the three preceding Articles as it may deem fit, without obtaining the authorization or consent of the Italian governmental, provincial, or communal authority, which authorities may in this regard rely entirely on the high artistic traditions of the Catholic Church.
  7. ^ Code of Canon Law, canon 361 and Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches, canon 48
  8. ^ Lanciani, Rodolfo (1892). Pagan and Christian Rome Houghton, Mifflin.
  9. ^ Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2001-2005
  10. ^ Vatican City (Politics, government, and taxation). Nations Encyclopedia. Retrieved on 2007-11-28.
  11. ^ Vatican City. Catholic-Pages.com. Retrieved on 2007-03-04.
  12. ^ Pontificalis Domus, 3
  13. ^ The site Hereditary Officers of the Papal Court continues to present these functions and titles as still in use, several decades after their abolition.
  14. ^ Vatican Diplomacy, Catholic-Pages.com, retrieved Mar. 15, 2007
  15. ^ a b Vatican City Today. Vatican City Government. Retrieved on 2007-11-28.
  16. ^ Vatican influence on the United Nations, the World Health Organization and other international agencies.. Retrieved on 2007-03-16.
  17. ^ http://www.physorg.com/news103554442.html The Vatican to go carbon neutral
  18. ^ a b Holy See (Vatican City): Economy. CIA - The World Factbook. Retrieved on 2007-02-23.
  19. ^ Agreements on monetary relations (Monaco, San Marino, the Vatican and Andorra). Activities of the European Union: Summaries of legislation. Retrieved on 2007-02-23.
  20. ^ Benedict Vatican euros set for release. Catholic News (2006-04-21). Retrieved on 2007-02-23.
  21. ^ Seán P. O'Malley (2006-09-28). A Glimpse Inside the Vatican & Msgr. Robert Deeley’s Guest Post. Retrieved on 2008-01-30.
  22. ^ Holy See (10/06). U.S. Department of State. Retrieved on 2007-03-04.
  23. ^ CIA - The World Factbook - Holy See (Vatican City)
  24. ^ The Vatican City State appendix to the Acta Apostolicae Sedis is entirely in Italian.
  25. ^ Vatican citizenship. Holy See Press Office. Retrieved on 2006-12-03.
  26. ^ a b Vatican crime rate 'soars'. BBC. Retrieved on 2007-11-28.
  27. ^ Lateran Treaty, 1929. Aloha.net. Retrieved on 2007-11-28.
  28. ^ Holy See - State of the Vatican City. Vatican Papal Conclave. Retrieved on 2007-11-28.
  29. ^ a b Vatican City State Railway Railways of the World. Sinfin.net. Retrieved on 2006-08-08.
  30. ^ On call 24/7: Vatican phone system directs thousands of call each day, July 24, 2006.
  31. ^ The Early Definitives. Vatican Philacetic Society. Retrieved on 2007-11-28.
  32. ^ a b Hail Marys Not Needed: Vatican Mail Will Deliver. New York Times. Retrieved on 2007-11-28.
  33. ^ Vatican Radio - Index
  34. ^ Vatican Television Center - Index

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1 Has part of its territory outside Europe.  2 Entirely in West Asia but having socio-political connections with Europe.  3 Has dependencies or similar territories outside Europe. 4 Name disputed by Greece; see Macedonia naming dispute. 5 Declared independence from Serbia on February 17 and is recognised by 43 countries including Taiwan.
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(c) All 16 Commonwealth realms share one monarch represented, except for the U.K., by a Governor-General  · (j) Monarch debatable as being true Head of State. · (q) Technically a constitutional monarchy but displays effective properties of an absolute monarchy. (u) Uses the non-monarchical title President.
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[[nap:Cità do Vaticano]]




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