Steve Biko
Biko has been the subject of many tributes in many different genres of music, including rap, hip hop, jazz, reggae and rock
- South African improviser, composer, and bandleader Johnny Dyani (Johnny Mbizo Dyani) recorded an album entitled Song for Biko, featuring a composition (written by Dyani) of the same name.
- Tom Paxton released the song, "The Death of Stephen Biko", on his 1978 album, Heroes.
- Christy Moore sang a song about Biko called, "Biko Drum", which makes several reverences to the South African hero. The song was written by Wally Page.
- The A Tribe Called Quest 1993 album, Midnight Marauders, includes the song, "Steve Biko (Stir It Up)." In which Biko is only mentioned in the 20 second chorus.
- Biko is referenced in the Public Enemy song "Show 'Em Whatcha Got" on the album It Takes a Nation of Millions to Hold Us Back.
- Steel Pulse released the song, "Biko's Kindred Lament", on their 1979 album, Tribute to the Martyrs.
- Beenie Man's 1998 album, Many Moods of Moses, contains a track entitled "Steve Biko."
- German singer Patrice sings about Biko in the song "Jah Jah Deh Deh" off his album How Do You Call It?.
- Tapper Zukie released the song "Tribute To Steve Biko" on his 1978 album "Peace In The Ghetto", on the Frontline Records label.[16]
- Peter Gabriel tells the tale of Biko in Biko, on his 1980 album Peter Gabriel (alternatively known as Melt, for the cover art), released in 1980. Gabriel sings: "You can blow out a candle / But you can't blow out a fire / Once the flames begin to catch / The wind will blow it higher". During the reign of South Africa's apartheid government, Gabriel often closed his concerts with the song, encouraging the audience to sing with him. The song has been covered by many artists, including Joan Baez, Robert Wyatt, Simple Minds, Manu Dibango, Black 47 and Ray Wilson
- Dave Matthews wrote the song "Cry Freedom" in honor of Biko.
- Dirty district have a song based on the murder of Steve Biko, titled "Steve Biko", on their debut album, Pousse Au Crime et Longueurs de Temps .
- Randy Stonehill sings about Biko in the song "Stand Like Steel" on his 2005 album Touchstone.
- Sweet Honey in the Rock's 1981 album, Good News, contains tracks entitled "Biko" and "Chile Your Waters Run Red Through Soweto", which compares Biko's death to that of Chilean musician Victor Jara and was covered by Billy Bragg in 1992.
- System Of A Down recorded a song entitled "Biko" onto one of their early demo tapes.
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See also
- Civil disobedience
- Nonviolence
- Nonviolent resistance
- Martin Luther King, Jr.
- Steve Biko building at the University of Manchester
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References
- ^ a b c Stephen Bantu Biko. South African history online (09 2007). Retrieved on 2007-11-20.
- ^ Background: Steve Biko: martyr of the anti-apartheid movement. BBC News (1997-12-08).
- ^ Biko, Steve (1986). I Write What I Like. Harper & Row, 103-104.
- ^ See, for instance, Rian Malan's book My Traitor's Heart
- ^ King William's Town's hero: Steve Biko 1946 - 1977. Buffalo City government. Retrieved on 2007-09-02.
- ^ Pillay, Verashni (2007-09-12). Keeping Steve Biko alive. News24. Retrieved on 2007-09-19.
- ^ Mrs Helen ZILLE. Who's who. 24.com. Retrieved on 2007-12-12.
- ^ SA editor's escape from apartheid, 30 years on M & G
- ^ Account of homicide accusations against the police in The Independent (of London)
- ^ Stiebel, Lindy (2005). Still beating the drum: critical perspectives on Lewis Nkosi. Rodopi, 80.
- ^ Kee, Alistair (2006). The rise and demise of black theology. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.
- ^ Heinrichs, Ann (2001). Mahatma Gandhi. Gareth Stevens, 12.
- ^ Lens, Sidney (1963). Africa — awakening giant. Putnam, 180.
- ^ Wiredu, Kwasi; William E. Abraham, Abiola Irele, Ifeanyi A. Menkiti (2003). Companion to African philosophy. Blackwell Publishing.
- ^ The Biko Inquest. IMDb.
- ^ Tapper Zukie - Peace In The Ghetto
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Further reading
- I Write What I Like, by Steve Biko, Harper & Row, 1986, San Francisco.
- Steve Biko: Black Consciousness in South Africa; ed. Millard Arnold; Random House, New York. 1978.
- Biko, by Donald Woods; originally published by Paddington Press, London and New York, 1978; later edition published by Henry Holt, New York, 1987.
- New Introduction to I Write What I Like by Lewis Gordon[1]
- Black Consciousness: The dialectics of liberation in South Africa by Nigel Gibson[2]
- Goodwin, June & Schiff, Ben (November 13, 1995), “Who Killed Steve Biko?: Exhuming Truth in South Africa”, The Nation (New York: The Nation Company) 261 (16): 565-568, ISSN 0027-8378
- No. 46: Steve Biko by Hilda Bernstein (Victor Kamkin, 1978, ISBN 0-317-36653-X)
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External links
Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to:
- Address by Nelson Mandela on the 20th anniversary of Biko's death
- Young Black Leader Dies in Detention in South Africa, Raising Fears of New Unrest By John F. Burns, special to the New York Times
- Testimony describes fatal beating of anti-apartheid activist, CNN
- Black Consciousness 1977-1987, by Nigel Gibson
- New Introduction to 'I Write What I like' by Lewis Gordon
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