SIGINT
A side channel attack is an unintentional vulnerability of an encryption device, not related to the encryption algorithm.[19] Potential vulnerabilities include different processing and thus transmission speeds for blocks of plaintext with certain statistical characteristics, changes in power consumption, or compromising emanations.
Covert channels are deliberate means to elude communications security.[20] They send out an unauthorized signal by stealing bandwidth from a legitimate, often encrypted channel. One low-bandwidth method would be to send information by varying the inter-block transmission times. A steganographic covert channel might use the low-order bit of pixels in a graphic image, perhaps not even consecutive pixels, in a manner that would not be obvious to a person looking at the graphic.
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References
- ^ Lee, Bartholomew. Radio Spies – Episodes in the Ether Wars. Retrieved on 2007-10-08.
- ^ a b c d US Department of Defense (12 July 2007), Joint Publication 1-02 Department of Defense Dictionary of Military and Associated Terms, <http://www.dtic.mil/doctrine/jel/new_pubs/jp1_02.pdf>. Retrieved on 1 October 2007
- ^ a b Kopp, Carlo (June/July/August, 1993). Desert Storm: The Electronic Battle. Australian Aviation. Retrieved on 2007-09-30.
- ^ “Precision SIGINT Targeting System (PSTS)”, Intelligence Research Program (Federation of American Scientists), <http://www.fas.org/irp/program/process/psts.htm>
- ^ Whitlock, Duane (Autumn 1995). The Silent War against the Japanese Navy. Retrieved on 2007-09-30.
- ^ 743d Military Intelligence (MI) Battalion (August 1999). Warfighter Guide to Intelligence 2000. Joint Spectrum Center, (US) Defense Information Services Agency. Retrieved on 2007-10-26.
- ^ Kessler, Otto, SIGINT Change Detection Approach, Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, <http://www.darpa.mil/DARPATech2000/Presentations/tto_pdf/6KesslerDDBB&WRev1.pdf>
- ^ Terry, I. (2003), “US Naval Research Laboratory - Networked Specific Emitter Identification in Fleet Battle Experiment Juliet”, NRL Review, <http://www.nrl.navy.mil/content.php?P=03REVIEW207>. Retrieved on 26 October 2007
- ^ Combined Communications-Electronics Board (CCEB) (January 1987). ACP 124(D) Communications Instructions: Radio Telegraph Procedure. Retrieved on 2007-10-02.
- ^ US Army (17 July 1990), Chapter 4: Meaconing, Intrusion, Jamming, and Interference Reporting, FM 23-33, <http://www.fas.org/irp/doddir/army/fm24-33/fm243_5.htm>. Retrieved on 1 October 2007
- ^ Interagency OPSEC Support Staff (IOSS) (May 1996). Operations Security Intelligence Threat Handbook: Section 2, Intelligence Collection Activities and Disciplines. Retrieved on 2007-10-03.
- ^ McNamara, Joel (2002). The Complete, Unofficial TEMPEST Information Page.
- ^ Cryptome: various TEMPEST and related documents (2003). Retrieved on 2007-10-16.
- ^ National Security Agency (2 December 1995). NSTISSAM TEMPEST/2-95, Red/Black Installation Guidance. Retrieved on 2007-10-16.
- ^ National Security Agency (24 October 1994). Specification NSA No. 94-106, Red/Black Installation Guidance. Retrieved on 2007-10-16.
- ^ National Security Agency (29 September 1993). NSTISSI No. 7000, Tempest Countermeasures for Facilitiea. Retrieved on 2007-10-16.
- ^ McNamara, Joel (2004). The Complete, Unofficial TEMPEST Information Page. Retrieved on 2007-10-16.
- ^ Granite Island Group (2005). Technical Surveillance Countermeasures. Retrieved on 2007-10-16.
- ^ Bar-El, Hagai, What are side channel attacks?, <http://www.hbarel.com/Misc/side_channel_attacks.html>
- ^ National Computer Security Center (November 1993). NCSC-TG-030 VERSION-1 A Guide to Understanding Covert Channel Analysis of Trusted Systems ("Light Pink Book").
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Further reading
- Bamford, James, Body of Secrets: How America's NSA and Britain's GCHQ eavesdrop on the world (Century, London, 2001)
- West, Nigel, The SIGINT Secrets: The Signals Intelligence War, 1900 to Today (William Morrow, New York, 1988)
- J.A. Biyd, D.B. Harris, D.D. King & H.W. Welch, Jr. (Editors). Electronic Countermeasures. Los Altos, CA: Peninsula Publishing (1961). ISBN 0-932146-00-7.
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See also
- SIGINT by Alliances, Nations and Industries
- SIGINT Operational Platforms by Nation
- SIGINT in Modern History
- List of intelligence gathering disciplines
- Canadian Forces Intelligence Branch
- National Security Agency
- HUMINT: Human intelligence
- Communications security (COMSEC)
- ELINT: Electronic intelligence
- MASINT: Measurement and Signature Intelligence
- IMINT: Imagery intelligence
- GEOINT: Geospatial Intelligence
- Narus: SIGINT hardware manufacturer referred to in Hepting vs. AT&T
- OSINT: Open Source Intelligence
- U.S. Marine Corps Radio Reconnaissance
- RAF Intelligence: Royal Air Force Intelligence Branch
- Traffic analysis
- Historical Electronics Museum
- Central Intelligence Agency Directorate of Science & Technology
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External links
- http://www.nsa.gov/sigint/ - SIGINT Overview
- http://www.nsa.gov/sigint/sigin00003.cfm - SIGINT FAQ
- http://www.fas.org/spp/military/program/sigint/overview.htm
- http://groups-beta.google.com/group/sigint - SIGINT Google Group
- http://www.economist.com/daily/columns/europeview/displaystory.cfm?story_id=10950261&fsrc=nwl - Seen from on high
- David Alan Jordan, Decrypting the Fourth Amendment: Warrantless NSA Surveillance and the Enhanced Expectation of Privacy Provided by Encrypted Voice over Internet Protocol - Boston College Law Review, Vol. 47, 2006
- http://www.signami.com/SRBWCalc.htm - Handy calculator for determining bandwidths and optimum sampling rates for subsampled IF digitizing.
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