Saint Petersburg
An asteroid, 2046 Leningrad, discovered in 1968 by Soviet astronomer Tamara Mikhailovna Smirnova, is named after the city, when its name was Leningrad.[50]
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Education and science
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Saint Petersburg has long been a leading center of science and education in Russia and houses the following institutions:
- Russian Academy of Sciences (1724)
- Saint Petersburg State University (founded 1724)
- Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia (founded 1797)
- Saint Petersburg Naval Academy (founded 1700s)
- Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical Academy (1925)
- Russian Academy of Arts (founded 1757)
- Vaganova Academy of Russian Ballet
- Saint Petersburg Medical-Surgical Academy (founded 1798)
- Saint Petersburg Mining Institute (Горный институт) (founded 1773)
- Saint Petersburg State Institute of Technology (1828)
- Pulkovo Observatory (1839)
- Ivan Pavlov's Medical Academy and research center. (founded 1880s)
- Saint Petersburg Conservatory (1862)
- Alexander Military Law Academy (founded 1867)
- Saint Petersburg State Electrotechnical University (1886)
- Saint Petersburg Polytechnical University (1899)
- State Marine Technical University (Корабелка) (1899)
- Saint Petersburg State University of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics (1900)
- Saint Petersburg State University of Engineering and Economics (1906)
- Saint Petersburg State Medical Academy (1907)
- Saint Petersburg State Technical University of Telecommunications
- Saint Petersburg Pharmaceutical Academy
- Saint Petersburg Academy of Pediatrics and Maternity (founded 1900)
- Saint Petersburg State Theatre Arts Academy (former Tenishev's College) (1899)
- Saint Petersburg Academy of Film and Television
- Russian State University of Pedagogy (Herzen University) (1800s)
- Saint Petersburg State University of Culture and Arts (1918)
- Saint Petersburg State University of Economics and Finance (Финэк) (1930)
- Baltic State Technical University ("ВОЕНМЕХ") (1932)
- Saint Petersburg Aerospace University (Mozhaysky University)
- Smolny College (1999)
- Vavilov Institute of Plant Industry
- Admiral Makarov Maritime Academy
- European University at Saint Petersburg
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Sister cities
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Gallery
 Peter the Great's Palace, built in 1714-1725 in Peterhof |
 Menshikov Palace, the seat of the first Governor |
 Narva Triumphal Gate at the Stachek Square. |
 The Winter Palace was stormed by Bolshevik communists at night in October 1917 |
 The cruiser Aurora, symbol of the October Revolution, now a museum |
 The monument to Sergey Kirov on Kirov Square of Saint Petersburg |
 Civilians struggled to survive during the Nazi siege of Leningrad |
 Survivors of the Nazi bombings of Leningrad in WWII |
 Bombings of the Nevsky prospekt. Nazi bombings killed thousands of civilians in Leningrad |
 Hotel Pribaltiyskaya |
 Hotel Astoria in winter |
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 The Trinity Bridge |
 Peter the Great's bridge (former Bolsheokhtinsky) |
 Kunstkamera, Palace Bridge, a rostral column and the spire of Peter and Paul Cathedral |
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 Peter's Summer Palace in the Summer Garden |
 The church of Sts. Simon and Anna, the patrons saints of Empress Anna (1734, designed by Mikhail Zemtsov) |
 Saint Petersburg Mosque (opened in 1913) |
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 Spire of the Russian Admiralty |
 Arch of the New Holland Island |
 The State Russian Museum, former Mikhailovsky Palace |
 Nevsky Prospekt at night |
 Alexandrine Theatre is the oldest Russian Drama theatre, named after Pushkin |
 The building of the Mining Academy (1811) is a Neoclassical masterpiece by Andrey Voronikhin |
 The Twelve Collegia building of Saint Petersburg State University |
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See also
- Treaty of Saint Petersburg, a list of the treaties concluded in Saint Petersburg.
- City directory of Ves Petersburg
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References
- ^ Nicholas and Alexandra: An Intimate Account of the Last of the Romanovs and the Fall of Imperial Russia (Athenum, 1967) by Robert K. Massie, ASIN B000CGP8M2 (also, Ballantine Books, 2000, ISBN 0-345-43831-0 and Black Dog & Leventhal Publishers, 2005, ISBN 1-57912-433-X)
- ^ V. Morozov. The Discourses of Saint Petersburg and the Shaping of a Wider Europe. Copenhagen Peace Research institute. 2002. [1]
- ^ Peter the Great: His Life and World (Knopf, 1980) by Robert K. Massie, ISBN 0-394-50032-6
- ^ Matthew S. Anderson, Peter the Great (London: Thames and Hudson, 1978)
- ^ The Romanovs: The Final Chapter (Random House, 1995) by Robert K. Massie, ISBN 0-394-58048-6 and ISBN 0-679-43572-7
- ^ Rex A. Wade The Russian Revolution, 1917 2005 Cambridge University Press ISBN 0521841550
- ^ Lenin, Stalin, and Hitler: The Age of Social Catastrophe. By Robert Gellately, 2007, Random House, 720 pages. ISBN 1400040051
- ^ Ленинградская область в целом: Административно-территориальное деление Ленинградской области
- ^ Stalin's Terror: High Politics and Mass Repression in the Soviet Union by Barry McLoughlin and Kevin McDermott (eds). Palgrave Macmillan, 2002, p. 6]
- ^ a b Martin, Terry (1998). The Origins of Soviet Ethnic Cleansing. The Journal of Modern History 70.4, 813-861.
- ^ Siege of Leningrad. Encyclopedia Britannica. [2]
- ^ Siege of Leningrad. Encyclopedia Britannica. [3]
- ^ Baldack, Richard H. "Leningrad, Siege of" World Book Encyclopedia, Chicago, 2002, vol.12, page 195
- ^ Ленинградская область в целом: Административно-территориальное деление Ленинградской области
- ^ Dmitri Volkogonov. Stalin: Triumph and Tragedy, 1996, ISBN-10: 0761507183
- ^ Russian publication: Ленинградское дело – надо ли ставить кавычки?: [4]
- ^ Ленинградская область в целом: Административно-территориальное деление Ленинградской области
- ^ Ленинградская область в целом: Административно-территориальное деление Ленинградской области
- ^ Jack F. Matlock, Jr., Autopsy on an Empire: The American Ambassador's Account of the Collapse of the Soviet Union, Random House, 1995, ISBN 0679413766
- ^ The level of flooding is measured near Saint Petersburg Mining Institute, which is normally 11 cm (4 in) a.s.l.
- ^ Нежиховский Р. А. Река Нева и Невская губа, Leningrad: Гидрометеоиздат, 1981.
- ^ See Historical weather records for Saint Petersburg (since 1932) and Historical weather in Saint Petersburg for further information.
- ^ Pogoda.ru.net (Russian). Retrieved on 2007-07-29.
- ^ a b Чистякова Н. Третье сокращение численности населения… и последнее? Демоскоп Weekly 163 — 164, August 1-15, 2004.
- ^ Юбилейный статистический сборник./Под ред. И.И. Елисеевой и Е.И. Грибовой. - Вып.2. - СПб: Судостроение, 2003. с.16-17
- ^ (2002). "National Composition of Population for Regions of the Russian Federation" (XLS). . 2002 Russian All-Population Census Retrieved on 2006-07-20.
- ^ Russian source: "Encyclopedia of Saint Petersburg" Чистяков А. Ю. Население (обзорная статья). Энциклопедия Санкт-Петербурга
- ^ Russian statisticsОсновные показатели социально-демографической ситуации в Санкт-Петербурге
- ^ В первом полугодии продолжалось умеренное повышение числа рождений
- ^ The Constitution of the Russian federation: [5]
- ^ Russian source: Charter of Saint Petersburg City.[6]
- ^ Offivial site of the Northwestern Federal District (Russian): [7]
- ^ a b Russia 2007 Crime & Safety Report: Saint Petersburg
- ^ Trumbull, Nathaniel S. (2003) The impacts of globalization on Saint Petersburg: A secondary world city in from the cold? The Annals of Regional Science 37:533–546
- ^ Powell, Bill & Brian Whitmore. The Capital Of Crime.(Saint Petersburg, Russia). Newsweek International, May 15, 2000.
- ^ Georgano, G. N. Cars: Early and Vintage, 1886-1930. (London: Grange-Universal, 1985)
- ^ Budget of Saint Petersburg (Russian document): [8]
- ^ Валовой региональный продукт по субъектам Российской Федерации в 1998-2005гг. (в текущих основных ценах; млн.рублей)
- ^ Валовой региональный продукт на душу населения (в текущих основных ценах; рублей)
- ^ Отраслевая структура ВРП по видам экономической деятельности (по ОКВЭД) за 2005 год
- ^ Until 2001, the Varshavsky Rail Terminal served as a major station; it now is a railway museum.Reconstruction of the Warsaw Railway Station
- ^ Results of train ticket inquiry, Russian train schedules and Russian train tickets
- ^ Rossiya (Pulkovo): Pulkovo Aviation Enterprise
- ^ Schedule for main drawbridges across the Neva river (Official Russian schedule): [9]
- ^ a b c St. Petersburg:Architecture of the Tsars. 360 pages. Abbeville Press, 1996. ISBN-10: 0789202174
- ^ Where a symphony silenced guns: [10]
- ^ Orchestral manoeuvres (part one): [11]
- ^ International Movie Database: [12]
- ^ Joseph Brodsky. Less Than One: Selected Essays, 1986
- ^ Schmadel, Lutz D. (2003). Dictionary of Minor Planet Names, 5th, New York: Springer Verlag, p. 166. ISBN 3540002383.
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Further reading
- Amery, Colin, Brian Curran & Yuri Molodkovets. St. Petersburg. London: Frances Lincoln, 2006. ISBN 0711224927.
- Bater, James H. St. Petersburg: Industrialization and Change. Montreal: McGuill-Queen’s University Press, 1976. ISBN 0773502661.
- Berelowitch, Wladimir & Olga Medvedkova. Histoire de Saint-Pétersbourg. Paris: Fayard, 1996. ISBN 2213596018.
- Buckler, Julie. Mapping St. Petersburg: Imperial Text and Cityshape. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2005 ISBN0691113491.
- Clark, Katerina, Petersburg, Crucible of Revolution. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1995.
- George, Arthur L. & Elena George. St. Petersburg: Russia's Window to the Future, The First Three Centuries. Lanham: Taylor Trade Publishing, 2003. ISBN 1589790170.
- Glantz, David M. The Battle for Leningrad, 1941-1944. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 2002. ISBN 0700612084.
- Hellberg-Hirn, Elena. Imperial Imprints: Post-Soviet St. Petersburg. Helsinki: SKS Finnish Literature Society, 2003. ISBN 9517464916.
- Knopf Guide: Sat. Petersburg. New York: Knopf, 1995. ISBN 0679762027.
- Eyewitness Guide: St. Petersburg.
- Lincoln, W. Bruce. Sunlight at Midnight: St. Petersburg and the Rise of Modern Russia. New York: Basic Books, 2000. ISBN 0465083234.
- Lubbeck, William; Hurt, David B. At Leningrad's Gates: The Story of a Soldier with Army Group North. Philadelphia, PA: Casemate, 2006 (hardcover, ISBN 1-932033-55-6).
- Orttung, Robert W. From Leningrad to St. Petersburg: Democratization in a Russian City. New York: St. Martin’s, 1995. ISBN 0312175612.
- Ruble, Blair A. Leningrad: Shaping a Soviet City. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1990. ISBN 0877723478.
- Shvidkovsky, Dmitry O. & Alexander Orloff. St. Petersburg: Architecture of the Tsars. New York: Abbeville Press, 1996. ISBN 0789202174.
- Volkov, Solomon. St. Petersburg: A Cultural History. New York: Free Press, 1995. ISBN 0028740521.
- St. Petersburg:Architecture of the Tsars. 360 pages. Abbeville Press, 1996. ISBN-10: 0789202174
- Saint Petersburg: Museums, Palaces, and Historic Collections: A Guide to the Lesser Known Treasures of St. Petersburg. 2003. ISBN 1593730004.
- Нежиховский Р. А. Река Нева и Невская губа, Leningrad, Гидрометеоиздат, 1981.
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External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to:
- Official presentation of Saint Petersburg
- Official Portal of the City Government: Saint Petersburg
- Encyclopaedia of Saint Petersburg
- article in Helsinki Times
- Saint Petersburg (Russia) travel guide from Wikitravel
- Saint Petersburg in 1900
- Saint Petersburg in Architecture
- The World Monuments Fund's 2008 Watch listing for Saint Petersburg
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