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Royal Ulster Constabulary



The SDLP demanded to know how much former chief constables of the RUC knew about the collusion. During the time period under investigation Sir Hugh Annesley and Sir Ronnie Flanagan both filled senior management positions in the RUC including the office of chief constable. The SDLP also demanded to know how much then Secretary of State for Northern Ireland Tom King and British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher knew of the activities.

Sinn Féin have said that the full publication of the Stevens Reports has been suppressed and Sinn Féin President Gerry Adams said that the "... limited publication of this Stevens Report is only the tip of the iceberg".[14] In December 2006 Sinn Féin's Philip McGuigan said that all three Stevens reports should be published in full.[15]

Nationalists continue to demand a full public sworn inquiry into the events with proven collusion like the Finucane murder, and all cases where collusion has been alleged. David Trimble, the leader of the Ulster Unionist Party, called for a parliamentary inquiry into the collusion.

It is notable that the new first Chief Constable of the PSNI, Hugh Orde, before his appointment, served at a senior level within the Stevens Inquiry team. He has insisted that the errors and the collusion within the RUC documented in the Stevens Report (the third issued by Sir John Stevens) will not be allowed to happen under the new police service.

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Alleged Loyalist collusion

Elements of the RUC are alleged to have colluded extensively with loyalist paramilitaries throughout the 30 year conflict in Northern Ireland. Particularly prominent in this regard were the actions of the specialist anti-terrorist unit, the Special Patrol Group. This unit was formed in the early 1970s and was disbanded in 1980 after two of its members were convicted of terrorist offences including kidnap and murder. The two, John Weir and Billy McCaughey implicated their colleagues in a range of crimes including giving weapons, information and transport to loyalist paramilitaries as well as carrying out shooting and bombing attacks of their own.[16] In a report released on the 22 January 2007, the Police Ombudsman Nuala O'Loan stated Ulster Volunteer Force (UVF) informers committed serious crimes, including murder, with the full knowledge of their handlers.[17] The report alleged Special Branch officers created false statements, blocked evidence searches and "baby-sat" suspects during interviews. Democratic Unionist Party (DUP) councillor and former Police Federation chairman Jimmy Spratt said if the report "had had one shred of credible evidence then we could have expected charges against former Police Officers. There are no charges, so the public should draw their own conclusion, the report is clearly based on little fact".[18] However, Northern Ireland Secretary of State Peter Hain said that he was "convinced that at least one prosecution will arise out of today's report".[19]

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Chief Officers

The chief officer of the Royal Irish Constabulary was its Inspector-General (the last of whom, Sir Thomas J. Smith served from 11 March 1920 until partition in 1922). Between 1922 and 1969 the position of Inspector-General of the RUC was held by five officers, the last being Sir Arthur Young, who was seconded for a year from the City of London Police to implement the Hunt Report and disarm the police and disband the Ulster Special Constabulary ('B' Specials). Under Young the title was changed to Chief Constable in line with the recommendations of the Hunt Report. Young and six others held the job until the RUC was incorporated to the new Police Service. The final incumbent, Sir Ronnie Flanagan, became the first Chief Constable of the PSNI.

  • Lt. Col. Sir Charles Wickham, from June 1922.
  • Sir Richard Pim, from August 1945.
  • Sir Albert Kennedy, from January 1961.
  • J.A. Peacock, from February 1969.
  • Sir Arthur Young, from November 1969.
  • Sir Graham Shillington, from November 1970.
  • Sir James Flanagan, from November 1973.
  • Sir Kenneth Newman, from May 1976.
  • Sir John Hermon, from January 1980.
  • Sir Hugh Annesley, from June 1989.
  • Sir Ronnie Flanagan, from October 1996-November 2001, continuing as Chief Constable of the PSNI until April 2002

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Ranks

  • Chief Constable
  • Deputy Chief Constable
  • Assistant Chief Constable
  • Chief Superintendent
  • Superintendent
  • Chief Inspector
  • Inspector
  • Sergeant
  • Constable
  • Reserve Constable

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References

  1. ^ www.opsi.gov.uk
  2. ^ "The RUC: Lauded and condemned", BBC News, bbc.co.uk, 2001-10-31. Retrieved on 2007-06-05. "Condemned by republicans, nationalists and human rights groups for embodying sectarianism and lauded by security forces as one of the most professional police operations in the world, the Royal Ulster Constabulary is one of the most controversial police forces in the UK." 
  3. ^ David Trimble - Nobel Lecture
  4. ^ Survey
  5. ^ Sir Arthur Young
  6. ^ Queen honours NI police, BBC
  7. ^ CAIN: Sutton Index of Deaths
  8. ^ Overview and Recommendations document for Stevens 3 is available in PDF format here.
  9. ^ For a chronology of the Stevens Inquiries and surrounding events see BBC News 17 April 2003 available here.
  10. ^ Stevens 3 Overview and Recommendations document Page 3
  11. ^ Conclusions section of Stevens 3 Overview and Recommendations document Page 16
  12. ^ Stevens 3 Overview and Recommendations document Page 13
  13. ^ Conclusions section of Stevens 3 Overview and Recommendations document Page 16
  14. ^ Sinn Féin: Adams - Stevens only the tip of the iceberg
  15. ^ Sinn Féin: Call to publish in full Stevens Reports into collusion
  16. ^ Center for Civil & Human Rights // Law School // University of Notre Dame
  17. ^ Statement by the Police Ombudsman for Northern Ireland on her investigations into the circumstances surrounding the death of Raymond McCord Junior and related matters
  18. ^ BBC News, Monday, 22 January 2007. Reaction to Ombudsman's report
  19. ^ BBC News, Monday, 22 January 2007. NI police colluded with killers

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Further reading

  • Weitzer, Ronald, 1985. "Policing a Divided Society: Obstacles to Normalization in Northern Ireland," Social Problems, v. 33 (October), p. 41-55.
  • Weitzer, Ronald, 1995. Policing Under Fire: Ethnic Conflict and Police-Community Relations in Northern Ireland (Albany, NY: State University of New York Press).

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External links

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Police forces in Ireland
Defunct Irish Police Forces
Northern Ireland
Republic of Ireland
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