Portable Document Format
There are fourteen typefaces that have a special significance to PDF documents: Times Roman (in standard, italic, bold, and bold italic), Courier (in standard, oblique, bold and bold oblique), Helvetica (in standard, oblique, bold and bold oblique), Symbol and Zapf Dingbats. These should always be present (actually present or a close substitute) and so need not be embedded in a PDF. [19] PDF viewers must know about the metrics of these fonts. Other fonts may be substituted if they are not embedded in a PDF.
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Versions
| PDF Version | Year of Publication | new features | supported by Adobe Reader version |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1.2 | FlateDecode | Acrobat Reader 3.0 | |
| 1.3 | 2000 | Acrobat Reader 4.0 | |
| 1.4 | 2001 | JBIG2, transparency | Acrobat Reader 5.0 |
| 1.5 | 2003 | JPEG2000 | Adobe Reader 6.0 |
| 1.6 | 2004 | Adobe Reader 7.0 | |
| 1.7 | 2007 | Adobe Reader 8.0 |
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Implementations
Readers for many platforms are available, such as Adobe Reader, Foxit, Preview, Sumatra, Xpdf, Evince, Okular, KPDF, Drumlin PDF reader and ePDFView; there are also front-ends for many platforms to Ghostscript. PDF readers are generally free.
There are many software options for creating PDFs, including the PDF printing capabilities built in to Mac OS X and some versions of Linux, the multi-platform OpenOffice.org, Microsoft Office (an additional free download from Microsoft is required), Wordperfect since version 9, numerous PDF print drivers for Microsoft Windows, the pdfTeX typesetting system, the DocBook PDF tools and Adobe Acrobat itself.
There is also specialized software for editing PDF files, though the choices are much more limited and often expensive. Adobe Acrobat Professional is one example of software that allows the user to annotate (highlight, add notes to) already created PDF files. A free one is PDFedit. As of version 0.46, Inkscape also allows PDF editing through an intermediate translation step involving poppler.
AGFA introduced and shipped Apogee, the very first prepress workflow system based on PDF in 1997.
PDF was selected as the "native" metafile format for Mac OS X, replacing the PICT format of the earlier Mac OS. The imaging model of the Quartz graphics layer is based on the model common to Display PostScript and PDF, leading to the nickname "Display PDF". The Preview application can display PDF files, as can version 2.0 and later of the Safari web browser. System-level support for PDF allows Mac OS X applications to create PDF documents automatically, provided they support the Print command. When taking a screenshot under Mac OS X versions 10.0 through 10.3, the image was also captured as a PDF; in 10.4 and 10.5 the default behaviour is set to capture as a PNG file, though this behaviour can be set back to PDF if required.
Some printers also support direct PDF printing, which can interpret PDF data without external help. Currently, all PDF capable printers also support PostScript, but most PostScript printers do not support direct PDF printing.
The Free Software Foundation consider one of their high priority projects to be "developing a free, high-quality and fully functional set of libraries and programs that implement the PDF file format and associated technologies to the coming ISO standard, ISO 32000."[20]
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See also
- Web document
- List of PDF software
- Scalable Vector Graphics
- XML Paper Specification (XPS)
- XSL Formatting Objects
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References
- ^ Adobe Systems Incorporated, PDF Reference, Sixth edition, version 1.23 (30 MB), p. 33
- ^ Orion, Egan (2007-12-05). PDF 1.7 is approved as ISO 32000 (HTML). The Inquirer. The Inquirer. Retrieved on 2007-12-05.
- ^ Adobe wins backing for PDF 1.7 - vnunet.com
- ^ Laurens Leurs. The history of PDF. Retrieved on 2007-09-19.
- ^ Wisdom of the PDF Sage » History of PDF Openness
- ^ Developer Resources
- ^ Adobe Systems, PDF Reference, p. 51
- ^ Adobe Systems, PDF Reference, pp. 39-40
- ^ [http://www.adobe.com/devnet/pdf/pdf_reference.html Adobe – PDF Developer Center: PDF reference
- ^ PDF Blend Modes Addendum [1]
- ^ A list of tools to find standard security password
- ^ Drumlin secure PDF reader/publisher
- ^ FileOpen PDF Security software
- ^ LockLizard PDF security software
- ^ AIIM (2006-10-20). New Best Practices Guide Addresses Exchange of Healthcare Information. Retrieved on 2007-03-09.
- ^ Jackson, Joab (2006-12-07). Adobe plunges PDF into XML. Government Computer News. Retrieved on 2008-01-12.
- ^ Adobe Forums, ANNOUNCEMENT: PDF Attachment Virus "Peachy", 15 Augest 2001
- ^ New features and issues addressed in the Acrobat 7.0.5 Update (Acrobat and Adobe Reader for Windows and Mac OS)
- ^ http://www.planetpdf.com/planetpdf/pdfs/pdf2k/03e/merz_fontaquarium.pdf
- ^ Goals and Motivations - GNUpdf
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External links
- PDF Specifications, including the PDF Reference for PDF 1.7, PDF 1.6 (ISBN 0-321-30474-8), PDF 1.5, PDF 1.4 (ISBN 0-201-75839-3), PDF 1.3 (ISBN 0-201-61588-6)
- White Paper: PDF Primer PDF (167 KiB) — A white paper from PDF Tools AG with an introduction into what PDF is and its strengths and weaknesses.
- Adobe: PostScript vs. PDF - Official introductory comparison of PS, EPS vs. PDF.
- A brief history of PDF Security — White paper on the beginnings of PDF Security from passwords to access controls, DRM and lifecycle management
- Adobe PDF 101: Quick overview of PDF
- ISO 19005-1:2005 Document of the PDF/A-1 Standard at the International Organization for Standardization (chargeable)
- Portable Document Format: An Introduction for Programmers - Quick one-page intro to PDF vs. PostScript and PDF internals (up to v1.3).
- Planet PDF: The PDF User Community
- History of PDF at prepressure.com
- The Camelot Paper — the paper in which John Warnock outlined the project that created PDF
- AIIM — Information about PDF/E and PDF/UA specification for accessible documents file format
- White Paper: Comparing PDF and XPS
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