Philippines
The Philippines is one of two countries in Asia with Roman Catholic majorities; the other being East Timor. The Philippines is separated into dioceses of which the Archdiocese of Manila enjoys primacy. About 90% of Filipinos identify themselves as Christians, with 81% belonging to the Roman Catholic Church. 2% are composed of Protestant denominations and 11% either to the Philippine Independent Church (Aglipayan), Iglesia ni Cristo and others.[35] While Christianity is a major force in the culture of the Filipinos, indigenous traditions and rituals still influence religious practice.
| Philippines religiosity | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| religion | percent | |||
| Christianity | 90% | |||
| Islam | 5% | |||
| Others | 5% | |||
The Philippines is also well-known for its Baroque-style churches. They are a part of the long list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites. These churches are: San Agustin Church in Intramuros, Manila; Paoay Church in Paoay, Ilocos Norte; Nuestra Señora de la Asuncion (Santa Maria) Church in Santa Maria, Ilocos Sur; and the Santo Tomas de Villanueva (Miag-ao) Church in Miag-ao, Iloilo.
Approximately 5% of Filipinos are Muslims,[35] and are locally known as "Moros", having been dubbed this by the Spanish due to their sharing Islam with the Moors of North Africa. They primarily settle in parts of Mindanao, Palawan and the Sulu archipelago, but are now found in most urban areas of the country. Most lowland Muslim Filipinos practice normative Islam, although the practices of some Mindanao's hill tribe Muslims reflect a fusion with animism. There are also small populations of Buddhists, Hindus, Sikhs, and animists, which, along with other non-Christians, non-Muslims and those with no religion, collectively comprise 2.5% of the population.[32]
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Culture
Filipino culture is a fusion of pre-Hispanic indigenous Austronesian civilizations of the Philippines mixed with Hispanic and American. It has also been influenced by Arab, Chinese and Indianized cultures.[7]
The Hispanic influences in Filipino culture are largely derived from the culture of Spain and Mexico as a result of over three centuries of Spanish colonial rule through Mexico. These Hispanic influences are most evident in literature, folk music, folk dance, language, food, art and religion, such as Roman Catholic Church religious festivals.[7] Filipinos hold major festivities known as barrio fiestas to commemorate their patron saints. One of the most visible Hispanic legacies is the prevalence of Spanish surnames among Filipinos. This peculiarity, unique among the people of Asia, came as a result of a colonial decree for the systematic distribution of family names and implementation of the Spanish naming system on the inhabitants of the Philippines. A Spanish name and surname among the majority of Filipinos does not always denote Spanish ancestry.
Names of countless streets, towns and provinces are in Spanish. Spanish architecture also made a major imprint in the Philippines. This can be seen especially in the country's churches, government buildings and universities. Many Hispanic style houses and buildings are being preserved, like the Spanish colonial town in Vigan City, for protection and conservation. The kalesa is a horse-driven carriage introduced by the Spaniards and was a major mode of transportation during the colonial times. It is still being used today. Filipino cuisine is also heavily influenced by Mexican and Spanish cuisine.
The use of English language in the Philippines is contemporaneous and is America's visible legacy. The most commonly played sports in the Philippines are basketball and billiards. There is also a wide influence of American Pop cultural trends, such as the love of fast-food and movies; many street corners boast fast-food outlets. Aside from the American commercial giants such as McDonald's, Pizza Hut, Burger King, KFC, and Shakey's Pizza, local fast-food chains have also sprung up, including Goldilocks, Jollibee, Greenwich Pizza (acquired by Jollibee in 1994[36]), and Chowking (acquired by Jollibee in 2000[36]). Modern day Filipinos also listen to contemporary American music and watch American movies. However, Original Pilipino Music (also known as OPM) and Philippine movies are also widely appreciated.
Filipinos honor national heroes whose works and deeds contributed to the shaping of the Filipino nation. José Rizal is the most celebrated ilustrado, a Spanish-speaking reformist visionary whose writings contributed greatly in nurturing a sense of national identity and awareness. His novels Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo originally written in Spanish, are required readings for Filipino students, and provide vignettes of colonial life under the Spanish rule.
As with many cultures, music (which includes traditional music) and leisure activities are an important aspect of the Filipino society. Various sports are also enjoyed, including boxing, basketball, badminton, billiards, football (soccer) and ten-pin bowling being popular games in the country.
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See also
- List of Philippine-related topics
- Wettest-known tropical cyclones in the Philippines
- Transportation in the Philippines
- Communications in the Philippines
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References
- ^ a b c d e f g General information. Government of the Philippines. Retrieved on 2007-10-01.
Official Website. Government of the Philippines. Retrieved on 2007-10-01. - ^ a b c d e f g World Factbook — Philippines. CIA. Retrieved on 2007-09-27.
- ^ a b c 2000 Census-based Population Projection, National Statistics Office, Republic of the Philippines, 2006, <http://www.census.gov.ph/data/sectordata/popproj_tab1r.html>. Retrieved on 17 April 2008
- ^ Official population count reveals..., National Statistics Office, Republic of the Philippines, 2008, <http://www.census.gov.ph/data/pressrelease/2008/pr0830tx.html>. Retrieved on 17 April 2008
- ^ a b c d e f g Report for Selected Countries and Subjects (Philippines), International Monetary Funds, 2006, <http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2007/02/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=65&pr.y=8&sy=2005&ey=2008&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=566&s=NGDP_RPCH%2CNGDPD%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPGDP%2CPPPPC%2CPPPEX%2CPCPI%2CPCPIPCH%2CPCPIE%2CPCPIEPCH%2CLP&grp=0&a=>. Retrieved on 17 April 2008
- ^ Philippines—The Human Development Index - going beyond income, United Nations Development Programme, 2007/2008, <http://hdrstats.undp.org/countries/country_fact_sheets/cty_fs_PHL.html>. Retrieved on 14 December 2007
- ^ a b c d Steinberg, David Joel (2007). "Philippines". Encarta.
- ^ a b c d Gregorio F. Zaide, Sonia M. Zaide (2004), Philippine History and Government, Sixth Edition, All-Nations Publishing Company
- ^ Agoncillo 1990, p. 22
- ^ Kurlansky, Mark. 1999. The Basque History of the World. Walker & Company, New York. ISBN 0-8027-1349-1, p. 64
- ^ Joaquin, Nick. 1988. Culture and History: Occasional Notes on the Process of Philippine Becoming. Solar Publishing, Metro Manila
- ^ US Country Studies: Education in the Philippines
- ^ Veltisezar Bautista, “3. The Philippine Revolution (1896-1898)”, The Filipino Americans (1763-Present): Their History, Culture and Traditions (2nd ed.), ISBN 0-931613-17-5, <https://bookhaus2.securesites.net/philnewscentral/cgi-bin/redirect.cgi?url=philrev.html>
- ^ E. San Juan, Jr. (March 22, 2005). U.S. Genocide in the Philippines: A Case of Guilt, Shame, or Amnesia?.
- ^ San Juan 2007
- ^ Gross, Jane. "Ferdinand Marcos, Ousted Leader Of Philippines, Dies at 72 in Exile", New York Times, September 29, 1989. Retrieved on 2008-01-25.
- ^ a b c Gargan, Edward A.. "Last Laugh for the Philippines; Onetime Joke Economy Avoids Much of Asia's Turmoil", New York Times, December 11, 1997. Retrieved on 2008-01-25.
- ^ Bonner, Raymond; Carlos H. Conde. "U.S. in Wary Diplomacy With Besieged Philippine Leader", New York Times, July 22, 2005. Retrieved on 2008-01-25.
- ^ NCSB Press Release
- ^ Climate of the Philippines at PAGASA. Accessed September 30, 2006
- ^ Kee-Chai Chong; Ian R. Smith & Maura S. Lizarondo (1982), “III. The transformation sub-system: cultivation to market size in fishponds”, Economics of the Philippine Milkfish Resource System, The United Nations University, ISBN 92-808-346-8, <http://www.unu.edu/unupress/unupbooks/80346e/80346E06.htm>
- ^ The 1990 Baguio City Earthquake at City of Baguio. Accessed October 3,2006
- ^ Leyte is Famous For... Accessed September 30, 2006
- ^ As India gets too costly, BPOs turn to Philippines Philippine Daily Inquirer. Accessed October 2, 2006
- ^ RP 2007 GDP grows 7.3%; fastest in 31 yrs, ABS-CBN News and Current Affairs, January 31, 2008
- ^ Philippines Aims to Boost Growth by 2009. forbes.com. Archived from the original on 2007-02-20. Retrieved on 2008-01-09.
- ^ Large Swiss Firm offers to invest in Philippines Manila Standard. Accessed January 27, 2007
- ^ RP ready for Global Trade, ABS-CBN News and Current Affairs, accessed February 17, 2007
- ^ Beyond Imperial Manila, Manila Standard Today, accessed July 25, 2006
- ^ International Organization Participation CIA World Factbook
- ^ Human Development Indicators. United Nations Development Programme. Archived from the original on 2007-07-02. Retrieved on 2008-01-09.
- ^ a b The Philippines: People, CIA World Factbook, <https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/rp.html#People>. Retrieved on 9 January 2008
- ^ "A Predominantly Indigenous Paternal Heritage for the Austronesian-Speaking Peoples of Insular Southeast Asia and Oceania" (pdf) (2001). American journal of Human Genetics 68: 432-443. (Table 1, p.434)
- ^ The Ranking of Ethnic Chinese Population. Overseas Compatriate Affairs Commission, R.O.C. (Taiwan). Retrieved on 2007-09-26.
- ^ a b 2000 Census: ADDITIONAL THREE PERSONS PER MINUTE. National Statistics Office. Archived from the original on 2007-04-09. Retrieved on 2008-01-09.
- ^ a b The Jollibee Phenomenon, Jollibee, Inc., <http://www.jollibee.com.ph/corporate/phenomenon.htm>. Retrieved on 9 January 2008)
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External links
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Official
- Official website of the Philippine Government - Gateway to governmental sites
Maps
Other
- WOW Philippines Tourism Ad
- Washington Post's: How the Philippines Sees America
- Philippines travel guide from Wikitravel
- Wikia has a wiki on this subject: Philippines
- BBC Country Profile on the Philippines
- CIA World Factbook: Philippines
- U.S. Country Studies: Philippines
- Origins of the Filipinos and Their Languages by Wilhelm G. Solheim II (PDF)
- History of the Philippine Islands in many volumes, from Project Gutenberg (and indexed under Emma Helen Blair, the general editor)
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