Pervez Musharraf
On November 3, 2007, Musharraf declared a State of emergency in Pakistan to postpone the ongoing case of his re-election, of which impact is most likely to decline his already low popularity even further. By suspending the constitution and sacking many judges including former Chief Justice Iftikhar Chaudhry and welcomed the returns of fomer Pakistani Prime Minsters Benazir Bhutto and Nawaz Sharif on December 15, 2007 Musharraf ended the state of emergency restoring the country's constitution, the move has been welcomed by Pakistan's western allies United States and the UK which have providing Pakistan with money to put into its industry and economy. The move came just in time for the January 8 elections featuring Ms Bhutto's Pakistan Peoples Party and Mr Sharif's PML(N) and Mr Musharraf's party. UK Prime Minister Gordon Brown said the move was a significant step towards the return of full constitutional order and said that January's elections must be free, fair and transparent. However, following the December 27 assassination of Bhutto, this temporary stability has been severely jeopardized.
Legacy
Musharraf characterizes himself as a moderate leader with liberal, progressive ideas, and has expressed admiration for Kemal Ataturk, founder of the Turkish Republic.[97]
His government maintains that Pakistan is prospering due to his economic and social reforms. Statements issued by the government suggest significant improvement in the economy. Some, however, are cautious about any optimism, since the steep rise in GDP is attributed to rebasing[98] done in 2004. External debt, on the other hand, has for the first time hit $40 billion mark.[99]
Following the media coverage of the riots in Karachi on May 12, 2007, Musharraf attempted to curb that freedom by decree. The measure backfired with a severe backlash, and was eventually withdrawn. In order to counter rapidly growing anger among the masses against his policies, state owned television PTV has decided to air weekly shows involving him to bolster his approval ratings. The recent closing of independent news and radio channels after imposing a state of emergency on the country by the President, expresses another example on the lack of freedom of the press. However, it was under his rule that media rights were relaxed and prosperity of digitial media came about. His government also allowed a huge influx of television and radio channels to start up.
On September 29, 2007, state troops baton charged journalists who had gathered on Constitutional Avenue to report a story. 34 journalists were severely injured.[100][101][102]
Musharraf has expressed admiration for the right-wing General Rahimuddin Khan, the authoritarian martial law administrator of Balochistan throughout the 1980s. He was severely criticized by human rights organizations following his comments in response to the rape of Mukhtar Mai. On September 23, 2005, during a tape-recorded interview, Musharraf had suggested that rape was becoming a "moneymaking concern" in Pakistan.[103][104]
See also
- List of national leaders
- Politics of Pakistan
- Line of succession to President of Pakistan
- Nawaz Sharif
- Enlightened Moderation
- Mirza Tahir Hussain
- bbc.co.uk, Timeline: Pakistan A chronology of key events:
Notes
- ^ See inogolo:pronunciation of Pervez_Musharraf.
- ^ Carlotta Gall. "Musharraf Quits Pakistani Army Post", The New York Times, 2007-11-28. Retrieved on 2007-11-28.
- ^ What Musharraf must do now - Financial Times
- ^ Musharraf imposes emergency rule. Dawn (2007-11-03). Retrieved on 2007-11-03.
- ^ Martial law declared in Pakistan. CNN (2007-11-03). Retrieved on 2007-11-03.
- ^ "Pak EC confirms Musharraf’e re-election as President" www.thaindian.com November 24th, 2007
- ^ Official Biography of Pervez Musharraf
- ^ A boy called Musharraf
- ^ a b c d e Pervez Musharraf (2006). In the Line of Fire: A Memoir. Free Press. ISBN 0-7432-8344-9.
- ^ The Battle of Assal Uttar: Pakistan and India 1965
- ^ a b PakDef.Info - M47 & M48 Patton in Pakistani Service
- ^ "Musharraf’s fiery memoirs" by Anwar Kemal, Dawn (newspaper) October 14, 2006
- ^ a b In the Line of Fire: A Memoir
- ^ Pervez Musharraf: PROFILE - BBC 4 Documentary
- ^ Musharraf’s 1971, a sob story, Musharraf 'wept' when East Pak fell
- ^ Jamestown Foundation
- ^ Musharraf Vs. Sharif: Who's Lying?
- ^ Tom Clancy, Gen. Tony Zinni (Retd) and Tony Koltz (2004). Battle Ready. Grosset & Dunlap. ISBN 0-399-15176-1.
- ^ Risk-taker Musharraf prepares to show his hand Rory McCarthy in Islamabad Guardian Unlimited Monday June 3, 2002
- ^ Gun-battle flares up along LoC DAWN Wire Service 21 May 1999
- ^ "Musharraf Give Up Army Uniform", BBC News. Retrieved on 2007-11-28.
- ^ BBC profile on Musharraf
- ^ Christian Science Monitor - Analysts say Washington's fears that Islamic extremists will take control of Pakistan are overblown..
- ^ Arab News, Musharraf Talks to Jewish Leaders, Barbara Ferguson, 9/19/05
- ^ Arrests follow Musharraf attack - BBC News
- ^ Masood, Salman and Nizza, Mike "Gunmen Fire on Musharraf’s Plane" New York Times (nytimes.com) July 6, 2007
- ^ "Attack on Musharraf: 39 detained" rediff.com July 17, 2007
- ^ "39 arrested for links to attack on Musharraf" server.kbri-islamabad.go.id/ July 17, 2007
- ^ Citigroup: Global Consumer Business Announces Management Structure
- ^ Pakistan carries out nuclear tests
- ^ Pakistan challenges Commonwealth - BBC News
- ^ Sanctions boost for Pakistan economy - BBC News
- ^ Profile: Shaukat Aziz - BBC News
- ^ Hope of Deliverance?
- ^ Bush promises Pakistan $1 billion in debt relief
- ^ Japan eases Pakistan's debt burden
- ^ Determinants of Debt Rescheduling in Pakistan
- ^ External debt rises to $40 billion
- ^ Forbes Article "Pakistan: Economic growth challenge extremism" by Michael Knipe on the The High Commission for Pakistan in United Kingdom website
- ^ General Pervez Musharraf - About Pakistan: Facts & Figures
- ^ Hyderabad: SAB shocked over flour crisis despite bumper crop
- ^ a b BBC - Musharraf's corruption crackdown 'failing'
- ^ a b c d Editorial: Disinformation International? September 25, 2006, Daily Times
- ^ Zee News - Musharraf regime more corrupt than govts of Sharif, Bhutto
- ^ Manmohan Singh’s ratings soar; across the border, General’s sink (Sanjay Kumar / Yogendra Yadav, August 15, 2007)
- ^ Daily Times - 54.5 per cent want military out of politics
- ^ ADB points to poor governance: Pakistan’s social indicators among worst in Asia By Khaleeq Kiani August 15, 2007 Dawn
- ^ Bogged Down By Endless Troubles by AYAZ GUL Islamabad - Asiaweek
- ^ George Orwell and Musharraf's book By Aisha Fayyazi Sarwari November 3, 2006 The News
- ^ The judgment of the Supreme Court of Pakistan in Pakistan Steel Mills case
- ^ Video of interview with Geo TV.
- ^ Judge row prompts Pakistan democracy questions, BBC, Monday, 12 March 2007, 17:47 GMT.
- ^ Musharraf’s tenure as army chief challenged Dawn
- ^ EDITORIAL: Musharraf’s political options are closing Daily Times
- ^ Kamran Haider, "Court reinstates Pakistan judge in blow to Musharraf" "The Star" [of Malaysia July 20, 2007]
- ^ The Real News - Pakistan Supreme Court reinstates chief justice. Retrieved on 2007-07-21.
- ^ Pakistan steps up pressure on mosque militants - The Guardian
- ^ Q&A: Pakistan mosque siege - The Guardian
- ^ FT.Com - Rice acts over Pakistan ‘emergency’
- ^ NDTV.com
- ^ National Post Canada - Musharraf rejects emergency, wants polls in Pakistan
- ^ Daily Times Pakistan - Shujaat admits suggesting emergency
- ^ Bloomberg Pakistan Stocks Fall Most in Three Weeks: World's Biggest Mover
- ^ AFP.google.com, Bhutto set to announce return date to Pakistan
- ^ a b New York Times, Maneuvering Before Vote in Pakistan
- ^ Reuters, Nawaz Sharif arrested after return to Pakistan
- ^ Mercurynews.com, Former Pakistani PM Sharif deported to Saudi Arabia: officials
- ^ ChannelNewsAsia.com, US says ex-Pakistani premier Sharif's deportation an "internal matter"
- ^ Daily Times - Musharraf tells why he wants another five years
- ^ BBC NEWS, Musharraf facing election rival
- ^ CNN, Musharraf wins ruling on army role
- ^ Cnn.com, Mass walkout bid to stop Musharraf
- ^ BBC NEWS, Musharraf 'wins presidency vote'
- ^ "Musharraf Declares Emergency Rule", The New York Times, November 4, 2007. Retrieved on 2007-11-03.
- ^ "Musharraf hails democracy in Pakistan", CNN, March 22, 2008. Retrieved on 2008-03-23.
- ^ President General Pervez Musharraf: Address to People of Pakistan
- ^ Musharraf's book says Pakistan faced U.S. 'onslaught' if it didn't back terror war 9/26/2006 USA Today
- ^ Tom Clancy, Gen. Tony Zinni (Retd) and Tony Koltz (2004). Battle Ready. Grosset & Dunlap. ISBN 0-399-15176-1.
- ^ Hassan Abbas (2004). Pakistan's Drift Into Extremism: Allah, the Army, and America's War on Terror. M.E. Sharpe. ISBN 0-7656-1497-9.
- ^ Musharraf advised against Kargil, says Benazir
- ^ Gen panicked, told Sharif about Kargil 11 Oct 2006
- ^ 'India should trust Musharraf' The Rediff Interview/MQM leader Altaf Hussein November 22, 2004
- ^ The Hindu - Of Dictators and Democrats Frontline Volume 17 - Issue 05, Mar. 04 - 17, 2000]
- ^ The Pakistan connection - evidence of foreign intelligence backing for the 9/11 hijackers - The Guardian22/06/2004, article by Michael Meacher
- ^ Al Qaeda calls for 'jihad' against Pakistan's Musharraf - CNN
- ^ Euronews.net, Pakistan election date set for October 6
- ^ US 'threatened to bomb' Pakistan BBC, 22 September 2006
- ^ Pakistan nuclear case 'is closed'
- ^ Report: Musharraf blasts West over Olympics
- ^ a b The Economist - A mess in Pakistan
- ^ Dawn Pakistan - Fighting someone else's war?
- ^ IBN LIVE - My popularity has reduced: Musharraf
- ^ Dawn Pakistan - 54.5 per cent want military out of politics
- ^ Time's up, Mr Musharraf
- ^ 'Poll: Bin Laden tops Musharraf in Pakistan Sept. 11, 2007
- ^ 'Musharraf TV' bids to spin image
- ^ Musharraf promises 'stronger democracy'
- ^ GDP components’ contributions to U.S. economic growth June 1998
- ^ External debt rises to $40 billion
- ^ A reign of terror in Islamabad
- ^ Presidential election, torture, demonstrations and arrests
- ^ Images at bbc.co.uk
- ^ 50 Minute interview
- ^ audio excerpt: Interview with Pakistan president Musharraf September 23, 2005
Books
- Pervez Musharraf, In the Line of Fire: A Memoir (2006)
External links
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Learning resources |
- Official & unofficial websites
Official
Unofficial
- Biographies and profiles
- Biography on storyofpakistan.com
- Time magazine cover story on Musharraf
- Profile in September 2004 by the BBC
- Video material on Musharraf
- Books on Musharraf
- Poem on Musharraf
- Articles by Musharraf
- Interviews
- An hour with Pervez Musharraf, Charlie Rose (video)
- Address by Pervez Musharraf to U.S. Institute of Peace (text, audio & video available) June 2003
- The Telegraph, United Kingdom, 20 June 2004
- Time magazine, United States, 25 September 2005
- Washington Post, United States, 29 January 2006
- Musharraf: "There is no milk and honey flowing after you get these two people", referring to Osama and Zawahiri and that military might alone cannot defeat terrorism.
- Pakistani President Musharraf speaks to students and diplomats about the future of Pakistan, Fora TV, September 23, 2006 (Video)
- Referendum
- Referendum report
- BBC report on referendum
- Speech on national TV, in which Musharraf apologizes for "improper" voting in the referendum
- "...at lower level due to unnecessary enthusiasm and carelessness, inefficiency and ignorance there might have been some improper case of voting in some areas. If this is true I regret it from the core of my heart. I feel sad and sorry for it," said Musharraf.
- Electoral College vote
- "Pakistan Gives Musharraf Confidence Vote as President"; New York Times; January 1, 2004
- Other articles
- http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2008%5C04%5C18%5Cstory_18-4-2008_pg7_7
- http://broadband.indiatimes.com/videoshow/2958360.cms
- http://www.abcnews.go.com/International/story?id=4672972&page=1
- http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/World/Pakistan/I_want_to_date_Mush_the_hunk/articleshow/2957969.cms
- President Clinton's statement regarding the 1999 coup
- "US threatened to bomb Pakistan back to 'the Stone Age'"
- Supreme Leader urges stronger Iran-Pakistan relations
- Surveys
- Poll Grading Gen. Musharraf
- Survey by The Gallup Organization
- Report by Washington-based Pew Research Center
| Political offices | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by Nawaz Sharif |
Chief Executive of Pakistan 1999 – 2001 |
Succeeded by Zafarullah Khan Jamali |
| Preceded by Muhammad Rafiq Tarar |
President of Pakistan 2001 – present |
Incumbent |
| Military offices | ||
| Preceded by Jehangir Karamat |
Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff 1998 – 2001 |
Succeeded by Muhammad Aziz Khan |
| Chief of Army Staff 1998 – 2007 |
Succeeded by Ashfaq Parvez Kayani |
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| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| NAME | Musharraf, Pervez |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | پرويز مشرف (Urdu) |
| SHORT DESCRIPTION | President of Pakistan |
| DATE OF BIRTH | August 11, 1943 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Daryaganj, Delhi, India |
| DATE OF DEATH | living |
| PLACE OF DEATH | |
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