Malaysia
Malaysians observe a number of holidays and festivities throughout the year. Some holidays are federal gazetted public holidays and some are public holidays observed by individual states. Other festivals are observed by particular ethnic or religion groups, but are not public holidays.
The most celebrated holiday is the "Hari Merdeka" (Independence Day) on August 31 commemorating the independence of the Federation of Malaya in 1957, while Malaysia Day is only celebrated in the state of Sabah on September 16 to commemorate the formation of Malaysia in 1963. Hari Merdeka, as well as Labour Day (May 1), the King's Birthday (first Saturday of June) and some other festivals are federal gazetted public holidays.
Muslims in Malaysia celebrate Muslim holidays. The most celebrated festival, Hari Raya Puasa (also called Hari Raya Aidilfitri) is the Malay translation of Eid al-Fitr. It is generally a festival honoured by the Muslims worldwide marking the end of Ramadan, the fasting month. In addition to Hari Raya Puasa, they also celebrate Hari Raya Haji (also called Hari Raya Aidiladha, the translation of Eid ul-Adha), Awal Muharram (Islamic New Year) and Maulidul Rasul (Birthday of the Prophet).
Chinese in Malaysia typically celebrate festivals that are observed by Chinese around the world. Chinese New Year is the most celebrated among the festivals which lasts for fifteen days and ends with Chap Goh Mei. Other festivals celebrated by Chinese are the Qingming Festival, the Dragon Boat Festival and the Mid-Autumn Festival. In addition to traditional Chinese festivals, Buddhists Chinese also celebrate Vesak.
The majority of Indians in Malaysia are Hindus and they celebrate Diwali, the festival of light, while Thaipusam is a celebration which pilgrims from all over the country flock to Batu Caves. Apart from the Hindus, Sikhs celebrate the Vaisakhi, the Sikh New Year.
Other festivals such as Good Friday (East Malaysia only), Christmas, Hari Gawai of the Ibans (Dayaks), Pesta Menuai (Pesta Kaamatan) of the Kadazan-Dusuns are also celebrated in Malaysia.
Despite most of the festivals being identified with a particular ethnic or religious group, all Malaysians celebrate the festivities together, regardless of their background. For years, when Hari Raya Puasa and Chinese New Year coincided, a slogan, Kongsi Raya, a combination of Gong Xi Fa Cai (a greeting used on the Chinese New Year) and Hari Raya (which could also mean "celebrating together" in Malay language) was coined. For years when the Hari Raya Puasa and Deepavali coincide, a slogan, Deepa Raya, is similarly coined.
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See also
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References
- ^ Article 1. Constitution of Malaysia.
- ^ a b c d e f CIA. The World Fact Book. Malaysia. Retrieved December 9 2006.
- ^ Article 33. Constitution of Malaysia.
- ^ Article 43. Constitution of Malaysia.
- ^ The Federation of International Trade Associations. General Information of Malaysia. Retrieved December 7 2007.
- ^ a b Time Magazine. A New Nation. September 9 1957.
- ^ a b Paragraph 22. Singapore. Road to Independence. Federal Research Division, Library of Congress. Country Studies/Area Handbook Series. U.S. Department of the Army. Retrieved December 9 2006.
- ^ a b Time Magazine. The Art of Dispelling Anxiety. August.
- ^ Paragraph 25. Singapore. Road to Independence. Federal Research Division, Library of Congress. Country Studies/Area Handbook Series. U.S. Department of the Army. Retrieved December 9 2006.
- ^ a b Paweł Bożyk (2006). "Newly Industrialized Countries", Globalization and the Transformation of Foreign Economic Policy. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd, 164. ISBN 0-75-464638-6.
- ^ a b N. Gregory Mankiw (4th Edition 2007). Principles of Economics. ISBN 0-32-422472-9.
- ^ The Prime Minister's Office. The Security of the Straits of Malacca and its implications to the Southeast Asia regional security. Retrieved November 26 2007.
- ^ American University. Tin Mining in Malaysia. Retrieved November 14 2007.
- ^ Malaysian Palm Oil Council. Malaysian Palm Oil. Retrieved November 14 2007.
- ^ Bank Negara. BNM National Summary Data Page. Retrieved November 8 2007
- ^ Article 3. Constitution of Malaysia.
- ^ a b Article 152. Constitution of Malaysia.
- ^ Overview. Association of Southeast Asian Nations. Retrieved November 8 2007.
- ^ List of Member States. United Nations. Retrieved November 8 2007
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- ^ Sakai, Manako. Reviving Malay Connections in Southeast Asia.
- ^ Page 46-47. Suarez, Thomas. Early Mapping of Southeast Asia.
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- ^ ASEAN Member: Malaysia Accessed 29 May 2008.
- ^ M.C. Ricklefs. pp. 19. A History of Modern Indonesia. Indiana University Press. 1981. ISBN
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- ^ Time Magazine. Siege's End. May 2 1960.
- ^ Time Magazine. Hurray for Harry. December
- ^ Time Magazine. Fighting the Federation. December
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- ^ Republic of the Philippines. Department of Foreign Affairs. FAQs on the ICJ Decision. Retrieved December.
- ^ a b Jomo Kwame Sundaram. UNRISD The New Economic Policy and Interethnic Relations in Malaysia. Retrieved December.
- ^ Anthony Spaeth. Time Magazine. Bound for Glory. December 9 1996.
- ^ Anthony Spaeth. Time Magazine. He's the Boss. September.
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- ^ http://www.malaysiakini.com/news/75250 Malaysiakini.com, November 25, 2007.
- ^ Article 32. Constitution of Malaysia.
- ^ a b US Department of State. Malaysia. Retrieved December.
- ^ Article 44. Constitution of Malaysia.
- ^ Article 45. Constitution of Malaysia.
- ^ Article 46. Constitution of Malaysia.
- ^ Article 43 (1). Constitution of Malaysia
- ^ Article 14. Constitution of Malaysia
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- ^ Census of Population and Housing Malaysia 2000, Dept of Statistics Malaysia. [3]
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- ^ Census: Department of Statistics Malaysia. Accessed May 29, 2008.
- ^ "Population and Housing Census" Press statement, Department of Statistics, Malaysia. Accessed April 3, 2007.
- ^ Article 160 (2). Constitution of Malaysia.
- ^ Inter Press Service: Temple Demolitions Spell Creeping Islamisation. Retrieved 4 June 2006.
- ^ BBC : Pressure on multi-faith Malaysia. Retrieved 4 June 2006.
- ^ Ninth Schedule. Constitution of Malaysia.
- ^ World Education Forum. UNESCO. Education for All 2000 Assessment Report. Malaysia. Retrieved December.
- ^ Health Tourism, Malaysian Government Portal. Accessed October 12, 2007.
- ^ Time Magazine. Rubber from Malaya. March 1 1943.
- ^ How can Sri Lanka be transformed into Malaysia and Singapore? by Rajkumar Kanagasingam. Wijeya Newspapers Ltd, Sri Lanka[Daily Mirror] (November 17, 2005). Retrieved on 2008-03-28.
- ^ "Malaysia scraps ringgit peg", The Edge Daily, 2005-07-22.
- ^ Department of Statistics. Malaysia. Quarterly Balance of Payments Performance October - December, 2005. Retrieved December.
- ^ Financial Times. Malaysia relaxes short-selling ban. Extracted March 28, 2006.
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- ^ International Herald Tribune. Ethnic anger on the rise in Malaysia. Extracted 30 January, 2008.
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Sources
- 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica. Malay States.
- Zainal Abidin bin Abdul Wahid; Khoo, Kay Kim; Muhd Yusof bin Ibrahim; Singh, D.S. Ranjit (1994). Kurikulum Bersepadu Sekolah Menengah Sejarah Tingkatan 2. Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka. ISBN
- Adam, Ramlah binti, Samuri, Abdul Hakim bin & Fadzil, Muslimin bin (2004). Sejarah Tingkatan 3. Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka. ISBN.
- Osborne, Milton (2000). Southeast Asia: An Introductory History. Allen & Unwin. ISBN
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