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List of sovereign states
- ^ E.g. the constituent countries of the United Kingdom (England, Northern Ireland, Scotland, and Wales).
- ^ "State", pp. 512–3 in Penguin Dictionary of International Relations. Evans, Graham & Newnham, Jeffrey. 1998. (ISBN 0-14-051397-3). London: Penguin Books Ltd.
- ^ The names of the items in the list are given in English and include both an English version of the short official names (e.g. Afghanistan) and an English version of the (longer) official names (e.g. Islamic Republic of Afghanistan), as well as the same names in the (de jure or de facto) official languages on national level of the entity. Main source for the names in the official languages are the German Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the CIA World Fact Book (both retrieved 14 August 2007). If needed, they have been transliterated into Romanized characters, but original scripts (such as Cyrillic or Chinese characters) are included. When possible, the Romanization preferred by the country has been used.The sources for both flag and names, official languages and Romanizations are the main articles on these entities. When other sources are used, these sources are mentioned. See for a gallery of flags Gallery of sovereign-state flags.
- ^ Information is included on
- ^ a b More information on separatism can be found at the List of active autonomist and secessionist movements and the main articles.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p The Commonwealth Realms are members of the Commonwealth of Nations in which the head of state of the United Kingdom is head of state. The realms are sovereign states, see Sovereignty of the Realms.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x For more information on divisions with a high degree of autonomy, see the List of autonomous areas by country.
- ^ Argentina is also named Argentine Nation for purposes of legislation.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x More information on more or less federal structures can be found at a List of federations.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v More information on territorial disputes can be found at the List of territorial disputes and the main articles.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa The member countries of the European Union transferred part of their sovereignty in the form of legislative, executive, and judicial powers to the institutions of the EU
- ^ Formerly referred to as Dahomey, its official name until 1975.
- ^ See form more information about the division of Bosnia and Herzegovina Dayton Agreement and the text of the The General Framework Agreement for Peace in Bosnia and Herzegovina.
- ^ a b c d e f The sovereignty over the Spratly Islands is disputed by China, the ROC (Taiwan), Vietnam, the Philippines (part), Malaysia (part), and Brunei (part). Except Brunei, each of these countries occupies part of the islands (see List of territorial disputes).
- ^ Also known as Burkina; formerly referred to as Upper Volta, its official name until 1984.
- ^ The Burmese short name in Burmese writing system is not available in Wikipedia.
- ^ The legal name for Canada is the sole word; an officially sanctioned, though disused, name is Dominion of Canada (which includes its legal title); see: Name of Canada, Dominion.
- ^ a b The People's Republic of China (PRC) is commonly referred to as China, while the Republic of China (ROC) is commonly referred to as Taiwan. The ROC is also diplomatically occasionally known as Chinese Taipei or other names.
- ^ The People's Republic of China is currently non-recognized by 23 countries and Vatican City, see PRC's diplomatic relations, Foreign relations of the PRC.
- ^ Hong Kong is a Special administrative region of the People's Republic of China. It is often diplomatically known as Hong Kong, China.
- ^ .Macau is a Special administrative region of the People's Republic of China. It is diplomatically known as Macau, China.
- ^ a b In 1949, during the Chinese Civil War, the Republic of China government under the Kuomintang (KMT) of Chiang Kai-shek was overthrown by the Communist Party of China (CPC) under Mao Zedong and fled to the island of Taiwan. The CPC established the PRC, while the KMT regime re-established itself in Taiwan. As such, the political status of the ROC and the legal status of Taiwan (alongside the territories currently under ROC jurisdiction) are in dispute. In 1971, the ROC lost the China seat at the United Nations to the PRC: most states recognize or acknowledge the PRC to be the sole legitimate representative of all China, and the UN reckons the former as Taiwan, Province of China. The ROC is currently recognized by the Holy See and 23 UN member states and has de facto international relations with most others. The moniker Republic of Taiwan is proposed by supporters of Taiwan independence.
- ^ a b The Chinese sovereignty over the Paracel Islands is disputed by Vietnam and the Republic of China (Taiwan) (see List of territorial disputes).
- ^ a b c The sovereignty over Kashmir is disputed by India and Pakistan, smaller parts are disputed by the People's Republic of China (and the Republic of China). De facto Kashmir is divided between India, Pakistan and China. See the List of territorial disputes.
- ^ Abbreviated as DRC, and also known as Congo-Kinshasa; also formerly referred to as Zaire, its official name from 1971 to 1997.
- ^ Cyprus is recognized by all countries except Turkey, see Foreign relations of Cyprus
- ^ A simpler official short-form name has been encouraged by the Czech government: the English variant Czechia remains uncommon, but variants in Czech (Česko) and some other languages are more popular. See Names of the Czech Republic
- ^ The government of East Timor uses Timor-Leste as English translation.
- ^ Hindustani uses both the Hindi and Urdu script
- ^ Source for the romanization is Geonames.
- ^ Åland It was demilitarised by the Treaty of Paris in 1856, which was later affirmed by the League of Nations in 1921, and in a somewhat different context reaffirmed in the treaty on Finland's admission to the European Union in 1995.
- ^ See List of active autonomist and secessionist movements.
- ^ Source: Iraqi constitution
- ^ Ireland is often referred to as the Republic of Ireland (its official description but not its name). Sometimes this is done to distinguish Ireland from island of Ireland as a whole. However, sometimes it is done for political reasons and is contentious.
- ^ Israel is currently non-recognized by 34 countries, see Foreign relations of Israel.
- ^ The translation of Nihon-koku was found at the Afrikaans Wikipedia.
- ^ Though the sovereignty of the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia is not disputed, Greece disputes its name. Therefore, the republic is referred to by the UN and a number of countries and international organizations as the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia.
- ^ Some argue that Albanian is the second official language, others argue that Albanian is not used as a second official language. See for more information Talk:Republic of Macedonia. See also Macedonian language naming dispute.
- ^ Moldovan is often considered to be the same language as Romanian, see Moldovan language.
- ^ a b The Western Sahara is disputed between the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic and #Morocco. The Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic is currently recognized by 43 UN member states. It has never been admitted to the UN. It is not a member of the Arab League or the Organization of the Islamic Conference, but is a member of the African Union and the Asian-African Strategic Partnership formed at the 2005 Asian-African Conference. It claims the whole territory of Western Sahara but only exercises effective control over the territory east of Moroccan Wall, while a large portion of the territory is integrated into Morocco.
- ^ E.g. the Federal Republic of Germany has diplomatic relations with the Cook Islands, Source: German foreign ministry, retrieved 14 August 2007. For more information: Foreign relations of the Cook Islands
- ^ The continent of Antarctica, including its outlying islands south of 60°S, are held in abeyance under the terms of the Antarctic Treaty. All claims are suspended. Claiming countries are Argentina, Australia, Chile, France, New Zealand, Norway, and the United Kingdom. There is also an informal Brazilian claim.
- ^ Whether or not the Russian Federation is a genuine federation is a matter of dispute. See: Russian Federation section.
- ^ Vatican City is recognized by 176 countries, whereby Vatican's foreign relations formally belong to the Holy See.
- ^ See Regions and territories: Abkhazia (14 December 2005). BBC News. Retrieved January 17, 2006, Federal Practice: Exploring alternatives for Georgia and Abkhazia by Bruno Coppieters, David Darchiashvili and Natella Akaba (eds), VUBPress, Vrije Universiteir Brussel, Brussels, Belgium, 1999, page 238 and "Unresolved Conflicts in the Regional Security System: The Case of the South Caucasus" journal Transition Studies Review (Publisher: Springer Wien), ISSN 1614-4007, Issue: Volume 11, Number 3 / December, 2004, DOI 10.1007/s11300-004-0013-0, Pages 213-223.
- ^ "Legal opinion on The Validity and Interpretation othe 4 April 1994 Georgian-Abkhazian Agreements" Dr. Bart Driessen, legal advisor, for the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization (UNPO).
- ^ Institute for Security and International Studies (ISIS), Sofia, research study 12, ISSN 1311 – 3259.
- ^ See Regions and territories: Nagorno-Karabakh (17 January 2006). BBC News. Retrieved January 17, 2006.
- ^ BBC News Recognition for new Kosovo grows 18-02-02, accessed 18-02-200
- ^ See The World Factbook|Cyprus (10 January 2006). Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved January 17, 2006.
- ^ Source for observership: UN Website.
- ^ See for more information Proposals for a Palestinian state.
- ^ See Regions and territories: Somaliland (30 December 2005). BBC News. Retrieved January 17, 2006.
- ^ See Regions and territories: South Ossetia (14 December 2005). BBC News. Retrieved January 17, 2006.
- ^ Romanization in Tongyong Pinyin.
- ^ 'See Regions and territories: Trans-Dniester (13 December 2005). BBC News. Retrieved January 17, 2006.
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