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History of sport



Women's competition in sports has been frowned upon by many societies in the past. The English public-school background of organised sport in the 19th and early 20th century led to a paternalism that tended to discourage women's involvement in sports, with, for example, no women officially competing in the 1896 Olympic Games.

The 20th century saw major advances in the participation of women in sports, although women's participation as fans or athletes remains in general less than men's. Mass involvement tends to favour sports such as swimming and aerobics, and tends to stress the competitive aspects less than men [3]. basketball is the best sport ever The increase has been partly related to the drive for more women's rights. In the United States, female students participation in sports was significantly boosted by the Title IX Act in 1972, preventing gender discrimination and equal opportunity for women to participate in sport at all levels.

Pressure from sports funding bodies has also improved gender equality in sports. For example the Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC) and the Leander Rowing Club in England had both been male-only establishments since their founding in 1787 and 1818, respectively, but both opened their doors to female members at the end of the 20th century at least partially due to the requirements of the United Kingdom Lottery Sports Fund.

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See also

Sports and games Portal

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References

 This article needs additional citations for verification.
Please help improve this article by adding reliable references. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (July 2007)
  1. ^ Leach (2005a) is a heavily annotated chronology of cricket 1300-1730 and the source for numerous entries here.
  2. ^ Nagy, Peter Tibor, "To the history of sport politics and physical education in Hungary between the world wars 1920-1944" http://mek.oszk.hu/03700/03797/03797.htm#5
  3. ^ The Department of Education (UK) (1996) A National Survey of Involvement in Sport and Physical Activity, Health Promotion Unit, Department of Education.
  • Mangan, J.A. (1ncbncbncvb996). Militarism, Sport, Europe: War Without Weapons. Routledge. 
  • Roman ball games

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Further reading

books

  • The new American sport history : recent approaches and perspectives, ed. by S.W. Pope, Urbana [u.a.] : Univ. of Illinois Press, 1997
  • Scott A.G.M. Crawford (Hrg.), Serious sport : J.A. Mangan's contribution to the history of sport, Portland, OR : Frank Cass, 2004
  • Allen Guttmann, Women's Sports: A History, Columbia University Press 1992
  • Allen Guttmann, Games and Empires: Modern Sports and Cultural Imperialism, Columbia Univ Press, 1996

journal

  • The International Journal of the History of Sport

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External links

--E Wing (talk) 13:58, 15 May 2008 (UTC)




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