Harlan Fiske Stone
As Chief Justice, Stone spoke for the Court in upholding the President's power to try Nazi saboteurs by military tribunals in Ex parte Quirin, . Stone also wrote one of the major opinions in establishing the standard for state courts to have personal jurisdiction over litigants in International Shoe Co. v. Washington, .
As Chief Justice, Stone described the Nuremberg court as "a high-grade lynching party" for Germans (Alpheus T. Mason, Harlan Fiske Stone: Pillar of the Law, New York: Viking, 1956, p. 716).
In 1946, at the age of 73, Stone died of a cerebral hemorrhage that struck on the bench as he read his dissent in Girouard v. United States, . (He opposed overturning precedents that would have barred a Seventh-day Adventist from being naturalized as a U.S. citizen if he refused to take up military arms during wartime despite being willing to serve as a conscientious objector.) He is the only Supreme Court Justice to have died during an open court session.
To date, Justice Stone is the only justice to have physically filled all nine seats on the bench, having incrementally moved "seniority" positions from most junior Associate Justice to most senior Associate Justice and finally to Chief Justice.
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Other activities
Stone was the director of the Atlanta & Charlotte Air Line Railroad Company, the president of the Association of American Law Schools, and a member of the American Bar Association.
He was awarded an honorary master of arts degree from Amherst College in 1900, and an honorary Doctor of Laws degree from Amherst in 1913. Yale awarded him an honorary doctor of laws degree in 1924, with Columbia and Williams each awarding the same honorary degree in 1925.
Stone married Agnes E. Harvey in 1899. Their children were Lauson H. Stone and the mathematician Marshall H. Stone. Stone is buried at Rock Creek Cemetery in the Petworth neighborhood of Washington, D.C.
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Bibliography and further reading
- Frank, John P., The Justices of the United States Supreme Court: Their Lives and Major Opinions (Leon Friedman and Fred L. Israel, editors) (Chelsea House Publishers: 1995) ISBN 0791013774, ISBN 978-0791013779
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See also
| Legal offices | ||
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| Preceded by Harry M. Daugherty |
Attorney General of the United States 1924-1925 |
Succeeded by John G. Sargent |
| Preceded by Joseph McKenna |
Associate Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court 1925-1941 |
Succeeded by Robert H. Jackson |
| Preceded by Charles Evans Hughes |
Chief Justice of the United States 1941-1946 |
Succeeded by Fred M. Vinson |
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