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Estonia in World War II



The Bronze Soldier
The Bronze Soldier
  • Views of World War II veteran, an Estonian Ilmar Haaviste fought on the German side: “Both regimes were equally evil - there was no difference between the two except that Stalin was more cunning”.
  • Views of World War II veteran, an Estonian Arnold Meri fought on the Soviet side: "Estonia's participation in World War II was inevitable. Every Estonian had only one decision to make: whose side to take in that bloody fight - the Nazis' or the anti-Hitler coalition's."
  • Views of World War II veteran, a Russian fought on the Soviet side in Estonia answering a question: How do you feel being called an "occupier"? " Viktor Andreyev: "Half believe one thing half believe another. That's in the run of things."[75]

In 2004 controversy regarding the events of World War II in Estonia surrounded the Monument of Lihula.

In April 2007 the diverging views of World War II history were a factor in the Bronze Soldier of Tallinn controversy.

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References

  1. ^ Encyclopædia Britannica: Baltic states, World War II losses
  2. ^ Kellogg-Briand Pact at Yale University
  3. ^ League of Nations Treaty Series, Vol. CXXXI, pp. 297-307.
  4. ^ Aggression Defined at Time Magazine
  5. ^ League of Nations Treaty Series, 1934, No. 3391.
  6. ^ Estonian Neutrality Law of December lst, 1938
  7. ^ a b Moscow's Week at Time Magazine on Monday, Oct. 09, 1939
  8. ^ The Baltic States: Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania by David J. Smith, Page 24, ISBN 0415285801
  9. ^ a b c d e f Estonia in World War II by Hannes Walter
  10. ^ Negotiator Stalin at Time Magazine on Monday, Nov. 06, 1939
  11. ^ Finnish Finishat Time Magazine on Monday, Nov. 20, 1939
  12. ^ 36-to-1 at Time Magazine on Monday, Dec. 11, 1939
  13. ^ Minus a Member at Time magazine on Monday, Dec. 25, 1939
  14. ^ Balts' Return at TIME Magazine on Monday, Oct. 23, 1939
  15. ^ (Finnish) Pavel Petrov at Finnish Defence Forces home page
  16. ^ (Russian) documents published from the State Archive of the Russian Navy
  17. ^ The Last Flight from Tallinn at American Foreign Service Association
  18. ^ a b Five Years of Dates at Time magazine on Monday, Jun. 24, 1940
  19. ^ The Baltic States: Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania by David J. Smith p.19 ISBN 0415285801
  20. ^ Estonia: Identity and Independence by Jean-Jacques Subrenat, David Cousins, Alexander Harding, Richard C. Waterhouse ISBN 9042008903
  21. ^ (Estonian)51 years from the Raua Street Battle at Estonian Defence Forces Home Page
  22. ^ a b A Historical Dictionary of European National Groups; p238; ISBN 0313309841
  23. ^ Justice in The Balticat Time magazine on Monday, Aug. 19, 1940
  24. ^ Magnus Ilmjärv Hääletu alistumine, (Silent Submission), Tallinn, Argo, 2004, ISBN 9949-415-04-7
  25. ^ U.S.-Baltic Relations: Celebrating 85 Years of Friendship at U.S Department of State
  26. ^ General Johan Laidonerat The Estonian War Museum
  27. ^ fate of individuals arrested at EIHC
  28. ^ Individuals executed at EIHC
  29. ^ The Forty-Third Session of the UN Sub-Commission at Google Scholar
  30. ^ (Russian)State Symbols - Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic
  31. ^ Endel Vanatoa, Estonian SSR, a Reference Book, Perioodika Publisher, 1985, p.11, available at Google Print
  32. ^ Great Soviet Encyclopedia, 3rd edition, entry on "СССР.Население", available online here
  33. ^ (Russian)1939 USSR-Estonia Mutual Aid Pact (full text)
  34. ^ POLITICS, MIGRATION AND MINORITIES IN ESTONIA, 1918-1998, pdf, p.79
  35. ^ a b Great Soviet Encyclopedia, 3rd ed., entry on "Эстонская Советская Социалистическая Республика", available online
  36. ^ Resistance! Occupied Europe and Its Defiance of Hitler by Dave Lande on Page 188, ISBN 0760307458
  37. ^ a b Estonia and the Estonians (Studies of Nationalities) Toivo U. Raun ISBN 0817928529
  38. ^ a b c d e Chronology at the EIHC
  39. ^ Estonia and the Estonians (Studies of Nationalities) ISBN 0817928529
  40. ^ ESTONIAN VIKINGS at Naval&Military Press
  41. ^ a b ESTONIAN VIKINGS: Estnisches SS-Freiwilligen Bataillon Narwa and Subsequent Units, Eastern Front, 1943-1944
  42. ^ a b c mobilisation in Estonia estonica.org
  43. ^ Jüri Uluots at president.ee
  44. ^ Resistance! Occupied Europe and Its Defiance of Hitler by Dave Lande on Page 200 ISBN 0760307458
  45. ^ ОНИ О НАС / 1944: ТРАГИЧЕСКИЙ ГОД В ИСТОРИИ ЭСТОНИИ. 60 ЛЕТ ЭСТОНСКОЙ ТРАГЕДИИ. МАТЕРИАЛЫ МИНИСТЕРСТВА ИНОСТРАННЫХ ДЕЛ ЭСТОНИИ
  46. ^ The Baltic States: The National Self-Determination of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania Graham Smith p.91 ISBN 0312161921
  47. ^ Feldgrau.net :: View topic - 20.Infanterie-Division (mot.)
  48. ^ Feldgrau.net :: View topic - 20.Infanterie-Division (mot.)
  49. ^ Heinrich Mark at president.ee
  50. ^ Estonia at Jewish Virtual Library
  51. ^ The Holocaust in the Baltics at University of Washington
  52. ^ Estonia at Jewish Virtual Library
  53. ^ historycommission at www
  54. ^ Vaivara at Jewish Virtual Library
  55. ^ Holocaust Markers, Estonia at US CFPAHA
  56. ^ Estonian Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Address by Prime Minister Andrus Ansip in Klooga, Estonia. May 8, 2005
  57. ^ Wiesenthal Center Status Report on Investigation and Prosecution of Nazi War Criminals (2006)
  58. ^ Wiesenthal Center Status Report on Investigation and Prosecution of Nazi War Criminals (2007)
  59. ^ Estonian prosecutors close case of WWII crime suspect at estemb.se
  60. ^ Laar, Mart. War in the Woods: Estonia's Struggle for Survival, 1944-1956. ISBN 0-929590-08-2
  61. ^ Biographical Research in Eastern Europe: Altered Lives and Broken Biographies. Humphrey, Miller, Zdravomyslova ISBN 0754616576
  62. ^ Daniel Fried, Assistant Secretary of State at U.S Department of State
  63. ^ The Baltic States and their Region: New Europe or Old? by David J. Smith on Page 48 ISBN 9042016663
  64. ^ Post-Cold War Identity Politics: Northern and Baltic Experiences by Marko Lehti on Page 272: Soviet occupation in Baltic countries - a position supported by the fact that an overwhelming majority of states never recognized the 1940 incorporation de jure. ISBN 0714683515
  65. ^ Diplomats Without a Country: Baltic Diplomacy, International Law, and the Cold War by James T. McHugh , James S. Pacy, Page 2. ISBN 0313318786
  66. ^ Baltic Military District globalsecurity.org
  67. ^ Moscow celebrationsat newsfromrussia
  68. ^ Motion for a resolution on the Situation in Estonia by EU
  69. ^ Motion for a resolution on the Situation in Estonia by EU
  70. ^ U.S.-Baltic Relations: Celebrating 85 Years of Friendship at state.gov
  71. ^ Russia denies Baltic 'occupation' by BBC News
  72. ^ a b Bush denounces Soviet domination by BBC News
  73. ^ Russia denies at newsfromrussia
  74. ^ the term "occupation" inapplicable at newsfromrussia
  75. ^ When giants fought in Estonia by BBC News



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