Electronic waste
Almost all electronics contain lead and tin (as solder) and copper (as wire and PCB tracks), though the use of lead-free solder is now spreading rapidly.
- Lead: solder, CRT monitors (lead in glass), lead-acid batteries
- Tin: solder, coatings on component leads
- Copper: copper wire, printed circuit board tracks, component leads
- Cadmium: light-sensitive resistors, corrosion-resistant alloys for marine and aviation environments
- Aluminium: nearly all electronic goods using more than a few watts of power (heatsinks), electrolytic capacitors.
- Beryllium oxide: filler in some thermal interface materials such as thermal grease used on heatsinks for CPUs and power transistors,[12] magnetrons, X-ray-transparent ceramic windows, heat transfer fins in vacuum tubes, and gas lasers.
- Iron: steel chassis, cases and fixings
- Silicon: glass, transistors, ICs, printed circuit boards.
- Nickel and cadmium: nickel-cadmium batteries
- Lithium: lithium-ion battery
- Zinc: plating for steel parts
- Gold: connector plating, primarily in computer equipment
- Americium: smoke alarms (radioactive source)
- Germanium: 1950s–1960s transistorised electronics (bipolar junction transistors)
- Mercury: fluorescent tubes (numerous applications), tilt switches (pinball games, mechanical doorbells, thermostats)
- Sulphur: lead-acid batteries
- Carbon: steel, plastics, resistors. In almost all electronic equipment.
- Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) (prior to ban): in almost all 1930s–1970s equipment including capacitors, transformers, wiring insulation, paints, inks, and flexible sealants
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See also
- Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and Their Disposal
- Computer recycling
- Digger gold
- Electronic Waste Recycling Act
- Electronic Waste Recycling Fee
- Free Geek - recycling and re-using computer equipment based on the 'Free to all' philosophy.
- Green computing
- Polychlorinated biphenyls - see Handling Procedures
- RoHS
- Silicon Valley Toxics Coalition
- Solving the E-waste Problem (StEP)
- Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment Directive
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References
- ^ Where does all the e-waste go? | Greenpeace International
- ^ Slade, Giles. "iWaste", Mother Jones, 2007-04-01. Retrieved on 2007-04-03.
- ^ BAN and SVTC. 2002. "Exporting Harm: The High-Tech Trashing of Asia". Seattle and San Jose: Basel Action Network and Silicon Valley Toxics Coalition, February 25, 2002. Available: http://www.ban.org/E-waste/technotrashfinalcomp.pdf
- ^ Karlyn Black Kaley, Jim Carlisle, David Siegel, Julio Salinas (October 2006). Health Concerns and Environmental Issues with PVC-Containing Building Materials in Green Buildings (pdf), Integrated Waste Management Board, California Environmental Protection Agency, USA, p.11. Retrieved on 2007-08-03.
- ^ Umwelt Schweiz, Accessed 24.11.06
- ^ Swico, Accessed 24.11.06
- ^ SENS, Accessed 24.11.06
- ^ Lost In Transposition?, Greenpeace Report, 27 September 2006, [1]
- ^ "High-Tech Trash", National Geographic Magazine, January 2008. [2]
- ^ America Ships Electronic Waste Overseas By Terence Chea, Associated Press, 11/18/07.
- ^ Chemical fact sheet — Thallium. Spectrum Laboratories. Retrieved on 2008-02-02.
- ^ Greg Becker, Chris Lee, and Zuchen Lin (Jul 2005). "Thermal conductivity in advanced chips — Emerging generation of thermal greases offers advantages". Advanced Packaging: pp.2–4.
^High Tech Trash: Digital Devices, Hidden Toxics, and Human Health by Elizabeth Grossman (Island Press, 2006, 2007) ^Where Computers Go to Die....And Kill by Elizabeth Grossman, Salon, April 2006
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External links
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The external links in this article may not follow Wikipedia's content policies or guidelines. Please improve this article by removing excessive or inappropriate external links. |
- The Secret Life of Cell Phonesan INFORM, Inc. Video Project
- e-Waste Guide A knowledge base for the sustainable recycling of e-Waste
- Indian e-Waste Guide A knowledge base for the sustainable recycling of e-Waste specific to India
- swiss e-waste competence A knowledge base for the Swiss e-waste system, the oldest worldwide
- European Commission WEEE page
- RoHS directive (PDF)
- WEEE directive (PDF)
- US EPA's 'eCycling' Program
- Inside the Digital Dump, a photoessay from Foreign Policy Magazine
- BBC Article "Gadget recycling foxes consumers"
- The Electronic Waste Problem
- Greenpeace Electronic Waste Campaign
- Greener Computing - covers eWaste and other green computing issues
- Recent 'bust' illuminates underground electronics export business in Canada Canada.com accessed December 22, 2006
- WEEE was not thought through
- The e-waste problem in China
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