Compact Disc
The ReWritable Audio CD is designed to be used in a consumer audio CD recorder, which won't (without modification) accept standard CD-RW discs. These consumer audio CD recorders use SCMS (Serial Copy Management System), an early form of digital rights management (DRM), to conform to the AHRA (Audio Home Recording Act). The ReWritable Audio CD is typically somewhat more expensive than CD-RW due to (a) lower volume and (b) a 3% AHRA royalty used to compensate the music industry for the making of a copy.[15]
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Copy protection
The Red Book audio specification, except for a simple 'anti-copy' bit in the subcode, does not include any serious copy protection mechanism. Starting in early 2002, attempts were made by record companies to market "copy-protected" non-standard compact discs, which cannot be ripped (copied) to hard drives or easily converted to MP3s. One major drawback to these copy-protected discs is that most will not play on computer CD-ROM drives, as well as some standalone CD players that use CD-ROM mechanisms. Philips has stated that such discs are not permitted to bear the trademarked Compact Disc Digital Audio logo because they violate the Red Book specification. Numerous copy-protection systems have been countered by readily-available, often free, software.
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See also
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References
- ^ Compact Disc hits 25th birthday
- ^ How the CD was developed. BBC News (August 17, 2007). Retrieved on 2007-08-17.
- ^ a b Kees A. Schouhamer Immink (1998). "The CD Story" (html). Journal of the AES 46: 458–465.
- ^ The Inventor of the CD. Philips research. Retrieved on 2007-02-09.
- ^ Royal Philips Electronics. "Optical Recording". Press release.
- ^ Maxim Magazine, 2004
- ^ Queen Biography
- ^ a b Kees A. Schouhamer Immink (2007). "Shannon, Beethoven, and the Compact Disc" (html). IEEE Information Theory Newsletter: 42–46.
- ^ Philips. Beethoven's Ninth Symphony of greater importance than technology. Retrieved on 2007-02-09.
- ^ a b Cassidy, Fergus. "Great lengths" (reprint), Sunday Tribune, 2005-10-23. Retrieved on 2007-12-21.
- ^ Burriel, Raul (2006-08-06). Music Review: The Cure, "Kiss Me, Kiss Me, Kiss Me" [Original Recording Remastered]. The Trades. Retrieved on 2007-12-21.
- ^ Stephen Thomas Erlewine. Tusk [Expanded] Overview. All Music Guide. Retrieved on 2007-12-21.
- ^ CD-R Unreadable in Less Than Two Years. cdfreaks.com. Retrieved on 2007-02-01.
- ^ CD-R ROT. PC-Active.com via archive.org. Retrieved on 2007-02-01.
- ^ a b Andy McFadden (2007-08-08). CD-Recordable FAQ. Retrieved on 2007-09-20.
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Further reading
- du Gay, Paul, Stuart Hall, Linda Janes, et. al (1997). Doing Cultural Studies: The Story of the Sony Walkman. Thousand Oaks, California: SAGE Publications.
- Ecma International. Standard ECMA-130: Data Interchange on Read-only 120 mm Optical Data Disks (CD-ROM), 2nd edition (June 1996).
- Pohlmann, Kenneth C. (1992). The Compact Disc Handbook. Middleton, Wisconsin: A-R Editions. ISBN 0-89579-300-8.
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External links
- Philips history of the CD
- Sony's CD history
- How CDs work at HowStuffWorks
- Patent History (CD Player) - published by Philips 2005
- Patent History CD Disc - published by Philips 2003
- Sony History, Chapter 8, This is the replacement of Gramophone record ! (第8章 レコードに代わるものはこれだ)Sony web site in Japanese
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