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Channel 4



The Channel 4 building
The Channel 4 building

Originally based at 60 Charlotte Street (the same building in which former chief executive Jeremy Isaacs later originally based his Artsworld channel), close to the BT Tower in London's film and media heartland, Channel 4 has occupied since 1994 a distinctive, purpose-designed building at 124 Horseferry Road, Westminster, designed by Richard Rogers Partnership with structural engineering by Ove Arup & Partners. Architecturally it follows on from, but is more restrained than, the Lloyd's building in the City of London, and was constructed between 1991 and 1994.[34] It was built on the former site of a Methodist teacher-training college, which occupied a neo-Gothic campus intermittently from its foundation in 1851 until World War II, when the buildings were badly damaged by an incendiary bomb. The College eventually moved to a purpose-built site in Oxford in 1959 and became Westminster College, Oxford.

Despite commissioning all programmes from independent production companies, the Channel 4 headquarters contains a studio and post production facility, marketed as 124 Facilities. The studio has been used for Channel 4 programmes (such as T4 continuity), and third party programmes (such as the base for Five's football coverage). The studio was closed at the end of October 2007.

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Regions

Channel 4 has, since its inception, broadcast identical programmes and continuity throughout the UK (excluding Wales where it does not operate on analogue transmitters). At launch this made it unique, as both the BBC and ITV had long established traditions of providing regional variations in their programming and announcements between transmitters in different areas of the country (although in the case of BBC2, variations have by and large tended to be limited to national idents as opposed to regional ones). In ITV's case, this was a consequence of its inherent federal structure (see ITV companies). Since the launch of subsequent British television channels, Channel 4 has become typical in its lack of variations of this nature.

A few exceptions exist to this rule for programming and continuity: The Republic of Ireland has a dedicated variant broadcast on Sky Digital which omits programmes for which broadcast rights are not held in the Republic,[citation needed] whilst some schools' programming (1980s/early 90s) were regionalised due to differences in curricula between different regions of the UK.[35]

Part of Channel 4's remit covers the commissioning of programmes from outside of London. Channel 4 has a dedicated director of nations and regions (Stuart Cosgrove), who is based in a regional office in Glasgow. As his job title suggests, it is his responsibility to foster relations with independent producers based in areas of the UK (including Wales) outside of London.

Advertising on Channel 4 does contain regular variation: Prior to 1993, when ITV was responsible for selling Channel 4's advertising, each regional ITV company would provide the content of advertising breaks, covering the same transmitter area as themselves, and these breaks were often unique to that area. After Channel 4 became responsible for its own advertising, it continued to offer advertisers the ability to target particular audiences and divided its coverage area into six parts coining the term 'LEMNUS' standing for "London, The East [and South] of England, The Midlands, The North of England, Ulster and Scotland.[36] At present, Wales does not have its own advertising region, instead its viewers receive the southern region on digital platforms intentionally broadcast to the area, or the neighbouring region where analogue transmissions spill over into Wales. The Republic of Ireland shares its advertising region with Northern Ireland (referred to by Channel 4 as the 'Ulster Macro') with many advertisers selling products for the Republic here.[37] E4 also has an advertising variant for the Republic.[37]

The six regions are also carried on satellite, cable and Digital Terrestrial. Five and GMTV use a similar model to Channel 4 for providing their own advertising regions, despite also having a single national output of programming.

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Annual Reports and Financial Statements

Annual Reports and Financial Statements 1983-Present

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References

  1. ^ a b c Channel 4 Overview. Channel 4.
  2. ^ a b Channel 4 Licence. Ofcom.
  3. ^ Channel 4 Broadcasting Licence (PDF) Appendix 2, part 10 (Page 13). Ofcom (2006-10-04).
  4. ^ Channel 4 Broadcasting Licence (PDF) Appendix 2, part 8 (Page 12). Ofcom (2006-10-04).
  5. ^ National Assets Register of the Department of Culture Media & Sport (PDF) Page 42. Retrieved on 2007-03-23.
  6. ^ a b c Russ J Graham (2005-09-11). Yes it's no. seefour by Electromusications from Transdiffusion. Retrieved on 2007-03-23.
  7. ^ Stephen Hopkins (2005-09-11). Never Mind The Quality. The Authority by Electromusications from Transdiffusion. Retrieved on 2007-03-23.
  8. ^ Broadcasting Act 1990 (c. 42). Office of Public Sector Information (2000-09-20). Retrieved on 2007-03-23.
  9. ^ Dafydd Hancock (2005-09-11). A Channel for Wales. seefour by Electromusications from Transdiffusion. Retrieved on 2007-03-23.
  10. ^ Ofcom publishes research on communications in the Nations and Regions of the UK. Ofcom (2006-06-24). Retrieved on 2007-03-23.
  11. ^ About Us. S4C. Retrieved on 2007-03-23.
  12. ^ BBC News - UK - Victims of the 'silver fox'. Retrieved on 2007-08-20.
  13. ^ DTG News: ITV and Channel 4 confirm Freeview stakes. Retrieved on 2007-04-03.
  14. ^ CHANNEL4SALES : NEWS. Retrieved on 2007-04-03.
  15. ^ Media registration promo - Media - MediaGuardian.co.uk. Retrieved on 2007-04-03.
  16. ^ Variety.com - Channel 4 maps music presence. Retrieved on 2007-05-07.
  17. ^ Channel 4 to join YouTube and add music channel to - ukfree.tv - independent digital TV and switchover advice. Retrieved on 2007-05-07.
  18. ^ Neil Wilkes (2007-07-23). Channel 4 takes 50% stake in Emap TV. Digital Spy.
  19. ^ [1] Digital PSB, Public Service Broadcasting post Digital Switchover, section 1.1
  20. ^ Ofcom determination of financial terms for Channel 3 licences ITV plc response. Retrieved on 2007-04-03.
  21. ^ Chris Tryhorn (2007-07-05). Channel 4 launches '+1' timeshift service. Media Guardian. Retrieved on 2007-07-05.
  22. ^ James Welsh (2007-09-19). Channel 4 HD to launch in December. Digital Spy. Retrieved on 2007-09-19.
  23. ^ Digital Dividend Review Annexes
  24. ^ a b The Guardian, Channel 4 sell Ostrich Media
  25. ^ Film4+1 to launch on Freeview November 16th - Topic Powered by eve community
  26. ^ Ben Dowell (2007-07-06). Channel 4 wins radio multiplex bid. Media Guardian. Retrieved on 2007-07-06.
  27. ^ The 4 Digital Group radio stations. Media Guardian (2007-07-06). Retrieved on 2007-07-06.
  28. ^ a b 4radio. Retrieved on 2007-04-03.
  29. ^ 4Radio - The Tube. Retrieved on 2007-04-03.
  30. ^ Channel 4 sell majority stake in Oneword. Media Guardian (2008-01-04). Retrieved on 2008-01-04.
  31. ^ a b c d 4oD Website.
  32. ^ a b Brown, Mike. ANCILLARY TELETEXT SERVICES. MB21. Retrieved on 2007-06-10.
  33. ^ Teletext and C4 sign text services deal. Daily Mail and General Trust plc (2003-07-01). Retrieved on 2007-06-10.
  34. ^ "Channel vision - Channel 4's new building in London, England", The Architectural Review, December 1994. 
  35. ^ SchoolsTV.com History of ITV Schools on Channel 4. Retrieved at the Internet Archive, 16 Feb 2008
  36. ^ Channel 4's 'Macro Regions' for advertising, including a map.
  37. ^ a b Channel 4's Dublin Sales Office.

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See also

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External links

v • d • e
Channel 4
Channels
Channel 4  · E4  · More4  · Film4
News
Channel 4 News · More4 News (provided by ITN)
Radio
Box Television (50%)
The Box  · The Hits  · Smash Hits!  · Kerrang!  · Q  · Kiss  · Magic
Other
Website: www.channel4.com
v • d • e
Television in Scotland
BBC Scotland
ITV
Gaelic
Other
Channel 4  · Five  · Celtic TV · Rangers TV
Defunct
v • d • e
Television in Wales
BBC
ITV
Other
Channel 4  · S4C  · S4C2  · Five



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