Finance          Automotive          Computers          Health          Shopping          Sports         News          Reference           Print Facts in English - BCUZ.COMlos hechos en Español

Brazil



Main article: Sport in Brazil
Maracanã Stadium, at the Brazilian Championship, highest division of Brazilian football.
Maracanã Stadium, at the Brazilian Championship, highest division of Brazilian football.

Football (Portuguese: futebol) is the most popular sport in Brazil.[133] The Brazilian national football team (Seleção) is currently ranked second in the world according to the FIFA World Rankings.[140] They have been victorious in the World Cup tournament a record five times, in 1958, 1962, 1970, 1994 and 2002.[141] Basketball, volleyball, auto racing, and martial arts also attract large audiences. Though not as regularly followed or practiced as the previously mentioned sports, tennis, team handball, swimming, and gymnastics have found a growing number of enthusiasts over the last decades. Some sport variations have their origins in Brazil. Beach football,[142] futsal (official version of indoor football)[143] and footvolley emerged in the country as variations of football. In martial arts, Brazilians have developed Capoeira,[144] Vale tudo,[145] and Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu.[146] In auto racing, Brazilian drivers have won the Formula 1 world championship eight times: Emerson Fittipaldi in 1972 and 1974;[147] Nelson Piquet in 1981, 1983 and 1987;[148] and Ayrton Senna in 1988, 1990 and 1991.[149]

Brazil has undertaken the organization of large-scale sporting events: the country organized and hosted the 1950 FIFA World Cup[150] and is chosen to host the 2014 FIFA World Cup event.[151] The circuit located in São Paulo, Autódromo José Carlos Pace, hosts the annual Grand Prix of Brazil.[152] São Paulo organized the IV Pan American Games in 1963,[153] and Rio de Janeiro hosted the XV Pan American Games in 2007.[153] Brazil also tried for the fourth time to host the Summer Olympics with Rio de Janeiro candidature in 2016.[154]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i Geography of Brazil. Central Intelligence Agency (2008). Retrieved on 2008-06-03.
  2. ^ a b c d People of Brazil. Central Intelligence Agency (2008). Retrieved on 2008-06-03.
  3. ^ a b Introduction of Brazil. Central Intelligence Agency (2008). Retrieved on 2008-06-03.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u Brazilian Federal Constitution (Portuguese). Presidency of the Republic (1988). Retrieved on 2008-06-03. Brazilian Federal Constitution. v-brazil.com (2007). Retrieved on 2008-06-03. “Unofficial translate”
  5. ^ Territorial units of the municipality level (Portuguese). Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (2008). Retrieved on 2008-06-03.
  6. ^ a b Economy of Brazil. Central Intelligence Agency (2008). Retrieved on 2008-06-03.
  7. ^ Penner, Andre (2008-04-17). Booming Brazil could be world power soon 2. The Associated Press. Retrieved on 2008-06-03.
  8. ^ Megan Mylan, Indians of the Amazon, Jewel of the Amazon, FRONTLINE/World, Public Broadcasting Service (PBS), (24 January 2006)
  9. ^ Fundação Maria e Oscar Americano website, "Colonial Brazil", retrieved 12 June 2007.
  10. ^ CasaHistória website, "Colonial Brazil", retrieved 12 June 2007.
  11. ^ JSTOR: Anglo-Portuguese Trade, 1700-1770. JSTOR. Retrieved on August 16, 2007.
  12. ^ Janick, Jules. Lecture 34. Retrieved on August 16, 2007
  13. ^ Maxwell, Kenneth R. Conflicts and Conspiracies: Brazil and Portugal 1750-1808. Cambridge University Press: 1973.
  14. ^ Slavery in Brazil retrieved on August 19, 2007.
  15. ^ Kenneth R. Maxwell, Conflicts and Conspiracies: Brazil and Portugal 1750-1808 (p. 216), JSTOR
  16. ^ Reis, João José. Slave Rebellion in Brazil - The Muslim Uprising of 1835 in Bahia. Translated by Arthur Brakel. Johns Hopkins University Press.
  17. ^ Leslie Bethell, The Abolition of the Brazilian Slave Trade: Britain, Brazil, and the Slave Trade Question, 1807-1969, JSTOR
  18. ^ Brazil's Prized Exports Rely on Slaves and Scorched Land Larry Rohter (2002) New York Times, March 25
  19. ^ Anstey, Roger: The Atlantic Slave Trade and British abolition, 1760-1810. London: Macmillan, 1975.
  20. ^ Slavery and Abolition. Retrieved on 2007-07-19. “A Journal of Comparative Studies”
  21. ^ Links between Brazil & Ireland (2004). Retrieved on 2007-07-19. “Aspects of an Economic and Political Controversy between Great Britain and Brazil, 1865-1870.”
  22. ^ JSTOR. Retrieved on 2007-07-19. “The Independence of Brazil and the Abolition of the Brazilian Slave Trade: Anglo-Brazilian Relations, 1822-1826”
  23. ^ CIAO Atlas. Retrieved on 2007-06-23. “The Empire, 1822-89”
  24. ^ U.S. Library of Congress, Federal Research Division, Country Studies: Brazil, "The Republican Era, 1889-1985". Library of Congress. Retrieved on August 16, 2007.
  25. ^ CasaHistória "Republic 1889-1964". Retrieved on 2007-06-12.
  26. ^ a b U.S. Library of Congress, Federal Research Division, Country Studies: Brazil, "The Era of Getúlio Vargas, 1930-54"
  27. ^ Valença, Márcio M. "Patron-Client Relations and Politics in Brazil: A Historical Overview". Retrieved 16 June 2007
  28. ^ Renato Marques (2006-02-17). Plano de Metas criado por JK foi um marco da economia brasileira (Portuguese). Retrieved on 2007-08-12.
  29. ^ CasaHistória website, "Military Rule", retrieved June 12, 2007
  30. ^ Manuel Álvarez-Rivera (October 30, 2006). Election Resources on the Internet: Federal Elections in Brazil. Retrieved on 2007-06-20.
  31. ^ a b c 20th century (1990-1992 The Collor Government). Brazilian Government website. Retrieved on 2007-06-20.
  32. ^ The Rise and Fall of President Collor and Its Impact on Brazilian Democracy. JSTOR. Retrieved on 2007-07-19.
  33. ^ a b Embassy of Brazil - Ottawa. Retrieved on 2007-07-19. “Political Institutions - The Executive”
  34. ^ City Mayors. Retrieved on 2007-07-19. “Brazil federal, state and local government”
  35. ^ JSTOR. Retrieved on 2007-07-19. “Brazilian Politics”
  36. ^ "Leftist Lula wins Brazil election" BBC News. Accessed May 17, 2007
  37. ^ "Brazil re-elects President Lula" BBC News. Accessed May 17, 2007
  38. ^ "The Brazilian Legal System", Organization of American States. Accessed May 17, 2007.
  39. ^ Silva, José Afonso da; Curso de Direito Constitucional Positivo; Malheiros, 2004, p. 46, ISBN 85-7420-559-1
  40. ^ Silva, José Afonso da; Curso de Direito Constitucional Positivo; Malheiros, 2004, p. 592, ISBN 85-7420-559-1
  41. ^ "Government structure" Brazilian Government. Accessed May 17, 2007.
  42. ^ Glugoski, Miguel; Medauar, Odete. "Nossos direitos nas suas mãos", USP Journal, 24–30 November, 2003. Retrieved May 17, 2007.
  43. ^ Lima, Maria Regina Soares; Hirst, Mônica. "Brazil as a regional power" Blackwell Synergy Journal. Accessed June 22, 2007.
  44. ^ Bandeira, Luiz Alberto Moniz. "Brazil as a regional power" Sage Journals Online. Accessed June 22, 2007.
  45. ^ Zibechi, Raúl "Difficult Path" Funder's Network on Trade and Globalization. Accessed June 22, 2007.
  46. ^ Universia Knowledge at Wharton website, "Can Brazil Play a Leadership Role in the Current Round of Global Trade Talks?". Wharton School, Pennsylvania. Accessed June 22, 2007.
  47. ^ Ribando, ClareUS-Brazil relations. Congressional Research Service. Retrieved on August 16, 2007.
  48. ^ Georges D. Landau, "The Decisionmaking Process in Foreign Policy: The Case of Brazil," Center for Strategic and International Studies: Washington DC: March 2003
  49. ^ Zibechi, Raul. Brazil and the Difficult Path to Multilateralism. IRC Americas. Retrieved on August 16, 2007.
  50. ^ De Lima, Maria Regina Soares. Hirst, Monica. Brazil as an intermediate state and regional power: action, choice and responsibilities. International Affairs 82 (1), 21–40. Retrieved on August 16, 2007.
  51. ^ Bandeira, Luiz Alberto Moniz.Brazil as a Regional Power and Its Relations with the United States University of Brasília. Retrieved on August 16, 2007.
  52. ^ Sala de imprensa - FAB em números. Força Aérea Brasileira. Retrieved on August 16, 2007.
  53. ^ FAQ. Brazilian Navy Website. Retrieved on August 16, 2007.
  54. ^ IBGE - Estatísticas da população (Portuguese) (2006-07-01). Retrieved on 2007-06-19.
  55. ^ a b IBGE (November 16, 2006). In 2004, North and Northeast gain participation in the GDP of the country. Retrieved on 2007-08-22. See also, List of Brazilian states by GDP per capita
  56. ^ Dry Periods over Eastern BrazilPDF (464 KB) INPE. Retrieved August 16, 2007
  57. ^ a b See List of Brazilian states by population density
  58. ^ Brazilian Ministry of External Relations. Retrieved on 2007-06-20. “Centre-West Region”
  59. ^ Vânia R. Pivello. Cerrado (Portuguese). Retrieved on 2007-06-22.
  60. ^ See List of Brazilian states by HDI
  61. ^ Brazilian Ministry of External Relations. Retrieved on 2007-06-20. “Brazil and Its Regions”
  62. ^ Brazilian Ministry of External Relations. Retrieved on 2007-06-20. “South Region”
  63. ^ States of Brazil. Brazil Travel. Retrieved on 2008-03-10.
  64. ^ a b "Land and Resources". Encarta. MSN. Retrieved on 2008-06-11. 
  65. ^ Brazil Time Zones. Greenwich Mean Time. Retrieved on 2008-06-11.
  66. ^ a b c d e "Natural Regions". Encarta. MSN. Retrieved on 2008-06-11. 
  67. ^ a b "Rivers and Lakes". Encarta. MSN. Retrieved on 2008-06-11. 
  68. ^ a b c d e Brazil. Country Guide. BBC Weather. Retrieved on 2008-06-11.
  69. ^ a b c d e "Natural Regions". Encarta. MSN. Retrieved on 2008-06-11. 
  70. ^ a b c Temperature in Brazil. Brazil Travel. Retrieved on 2008-06-11.
  71. ^ USDA Forest Service. Brazil. Retrieved on 2007-08-09.
  72. ^ USDA Forest Service website, Forest Service International Programs: Brazil, retrieved February 2007.
  73. ^ a b National Academic Press website (1998). Retrieved on 2007-06-12.
  74. ^ a b c d e f Marco Lambertini (2000). A Naturalist's Guide to the Tropics. Retrieved on 2007-06-19.
  75. ^ Ministério do Meio Ambiente. Lista Nacional das Espécies da Fauna Brasileira Ameaçadas de Extinção (Portuguese). Retrieved on 2007-06-20.
  76. ^ (2008-04-17) "Report for Selected Countries and Subjects". World Economic Outlook Database, International Monetary Fund. Retrieved on 2008-06-06. 
  77. ^ (2007-07-01) "Total GDP 2006" (PDF)., World Bank. Retrieved on 2008-06-06. 
  78. ^ (2008-04-17) "Report for Selected Countries and Subjects (PPP)". World Economic Outlook Database, International Monetary Fund. Retrieved on 2008-06-06. 
  79. ^ (2007-07-01) "PPP GDP 2006" (PDF)., World Bank. Retrieved on 2008-06-06. 
  80. ^ O'Neill, Jim. BRICs. Goldman Sachs. Retrieved on 2008-06-06.
  81. ^ a b Phillips, Tom. "The country of the future finally arrives", The Guardian, 2008-05-10. Retrieved on 2008-06-06. 
  82. ^ "The economy of heat", The Economist, 2007-04-12. Retrieved on 2008-06-06. 
  83. ^ "Building BRICs of growth", The Economist, 2008-06-05. Retrieved on 2008-06-06. 
  84. ^ Clendenning, Alan. "Booming Brazil could be world power soon", The Associated Press, 2008-04-17. Retrieved on 2008-06-06. 
  85. ^ Baig, Taimur (2000). "The Russian default and the contagion to Brazil". IMF Working Paper, International Monetary Fund. Retrieved on 2008-06-06. 
  86. ^ Fraga, Arminio (2000). "[http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/fandd/2000/03/fraga.htm Monetary Policy During the Transition to a Floating Exchange Rate: Brazil's Recent Experience]"., International Monetary Fund. Retrieved on 2008-06-06. 
  87. ^ Wheatley, Jonathan. "Brazil: When an IMF Bailout Is Not Enough", Bussines Week, 2002-09-02. Retrieved on 2008-06-06. 
  88. ^ "Brazil to pay off IMF debts early", BBC News, 2005-12-14. Retrieved on 2008-06-06. 
  89. ^ (2007-03-01) "Economic Quarterly" (PDF).: 171, Institute of Applied Economic Research. Retrieved on 2008-06-06. 
  90. ^ The Institute of International Finance (2007-05-31). "Capital Flows to Emerging Markets Set at Close to Record Levels". Press release. Retrieved on 2008-06-06.
  91. ^ (2004) "IPCA, IPC-FIPE and IPC-BR: Methodological and Empirical Differences" (PDF)., Central Bank of Brazil. Retrieved on 2008-06-06. 
  92. ^ "Brazil's shares at all-time high", BBC News, 2008-04-30. Retrieved on 2008-06-09. 
  93. ^ Alves, Fabio. "Brazilian Debt Raised to Investment Grade by S&P", Reuters, 2008-04-30. Retrieved on 2008-06-09. 
  94. ^ a b Warner, Jeremy. "Jeremy Warner's Outlook: Brazil secures investment grade", The Independent, 2008-05-02. Retrieved on 2008-06-09. 
  95. ^ a b Colitt, Raymond. "Sleeping giant Brazil wakes, but could stumble", Reuters, 2008-05-13. Retrieved on 2008-06-09. 
  96. ^ "An economic superpower, and now oil too", The Economist, 2008-04-17. Retrieved on 2008-06-09. 
  97. ^ "Brazil Joins Front Rank Of New Economic Powers", The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved on 2008-06-09. 
  98. ^ a b Field Listing - GDP - composition by sector. Central Intelligence Agency (2008). Retrieved on 2008-06-09.
  99. ^ Agriculture and Cattle-raising. Brazil by Topics. Brazilian Government official website. Retrieved on 2008-06-09.
  100. ^ "Agriculture". Encarta. MSN. Retrieved on 2008-06-09. 
  101. ^ "Manufacturing". Encarta. MSN. Retrieved on 2008-06-09. 
  102. ^ "Energy". Encarta. MSN. Retrieved on 2008-06-09. 
  103. ^ "Oil discovery rocks Brazil", CNN, 2007-11-09. Retrieved on 2008-06-09. 
  104. ^ Schneyer, Joshua. "Brazil, the New Oil Superpower", Business Week, 2007-11-09. Retrieved on 2008-06-09. 
  105. ^ "More bounty", The Economist, 2008-04-17. Retrieved on 2008-06-09. 
  106. ^ Brazilian Government. Skills training for growth. Retrieved on 2007-08-10.
  107. ^ Brazil - The Space Program. country-data.com (April 1997). Retrieved on 2008-05-24.
  108. ^ Brazilian International Space Station Program. Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espacias. Retrieved on 2008-05-24.
  109. ^ "Brazil to revive nuclear project", BBC News, BBC, 2007-07-11. Retrieved on 2008-05-24. 
  110. ^ ELSA - Particle Accelerators Around the World
  111. ^ a b c d "Population". Encarta. MSN. Retrieved on 2008-06-10. 
  112. ^ (2006) "National Research for Sample of Domiciles".: Table 1.2, Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. Retrieved on 2008-06-10. 
  113. ^ a b c d "People and Society". Encarta. MSN. Retrieved on 2008-06-10. 
  114. ^ Valensise, Michele. Mensagem do Embaixador da Itália (Portuguese). Italian Embassy in Brazil. Retrieved on 2008-06-10.
  115. ^ Nakamura, Akemi (2008-01-15). Japan, Brazil mark a century of settlement, family ties. Brazil emigration centennial in Japan. The Japan Times. Retrieved on 2008-06-10.
  116. ^ Germans. Ministry of External Relations of Brazil. Retrieved on 2008-06-10.
  117. ^ Color and genomic ancestry in Brazilians. National Academy of Sciences of the United States (2003-01-07). Retrieved on 2008-06-10.
  118. ^ Cidades@. Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. Retrieved on 2008-06-11.
  119. ^ "Principal Cities". Encarta. MSN. Retrieved on 2008-06-10. 
  120. ^ a b (2005) "Sector Study for Education in Brazil"., Japan Bank for International Cooperation. Retrieved on 2008-06-10. 
  121. ^ a b Education. Brazil by Topics. Brazilian Government official website. Retrieved on 2008-06-11.
  122. ^ "Education". Encarta. MSN. Retrieved on 2008-06-10. 
  123. ^ Werthein, Jorge (2005-04-28). A Pobre Educação dos Pobres. UNESCO. Retrieved on 2008-06-10.
  124. ^ "Universidades públicas ganham das particulares no Enade 2006", UOL, 2007-05-31. Retrieved on 2008-06-10. (Portuguese) 
  125. ^ a b Health. Brazil by Topics. Brazilian Government official website. Retrieved on 2008-06-11.
  126. ^ Saúde (Portuguese). Radar social. Ministry of Planning, Budget and Management. Retrieved on 2008-06-10.
  127. ^ a b Portuguese Language. About Brazil. Brazilian Government offical website. Retrieved on 2008-06-09.
  128. ^ a b c d Languages of Brazil. Ethnologue. Retrieved on 2008-06-09.
  129. ^ Nash, Elizabeth. "Portugal pays lip service to Brazil's supremacy", The Independent, 2008-05-02. Retrieved on 2008-06-09. 
  130. ^ 15th-16th Century. History. Brazilian Government offical website. Retrieved on 2008-06-08.
  131. ^ Freyre, Gilberto. "The Afro-Brazilian experiment - African influence on Brazilian culture", UNESCO, 1986. Retrieved on 2008-06-08. 
  132. ^ "Literature". Encarta. MSN. Retrieved on 2008-06-08. 
  133. ^ a b c d e "Way of Life". Encarta. MSN. Retrieved on 2008-06-08. 
  134. ^ a b c "Music and Dance". Encarta. MSN. Retrieved on 2008-06-08. 
  135. ^ "Art and Architecture". Encarta. MSN. Retrieved on 2008-06-08. 
  136. ^ "Theater and Film". Encarta. MSN. Retrieved on 2008-06-08. 
  137. ^ a b (2005-11-08) "Brazil". International Religious Freedom Report, U.S. Department of State. Retrieved on 2008-06-08. 
  138. ^ a b c "Religion". Encarta. MSN. Retrieved on 2008-06-08. 
  139. ^ (2000) "Religion in Brazil" (PDF). 2000 Demographic Census, Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. Retrieved on 2008-06-08. 
  140. ^ FIFA/Coca-Cola World Ranking. International Federation of Association Football (2008-06-04). Retrieved on 2008-06-06.
  141. ^ Football in Brazil. Goal Programme. International Federation of Association Football (2008-04-15). Retrieved on 2008-06-06.
  142. ^ Beach Soccer. International Federation of Association Football. Retrieved on 2008-06-06.
  143. ^ Futsal. International Federation of Association Football. Retrieved on 2008-06-06.
  144. ^ The art of capoeira. BBC (2006-09-20). Retrieved on 2008-06-06.
  145. ^ Brazilian Vale Tudo. I.V.C. Retrieved on 2008-06-06.
  146. ^ Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu Official Website. International Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu Federation. Retrieved on 2008-06-06.
  147. ^ Donaldson, Gerald. Emerson Fittipaldi. Hall of Fame. The Official Formula 1 Website. Retrieved on 2008-06-06.
  148. ^ Donaldson, Gerald. Nelson Piquet. Hall of Fame. The Official Formula 1 Website. Retrieved on 2008-06-06.
  149. ^ Donaldson, Gerald. Ayrton Senna. Hall of Fame. The Official Formula 1 Website. Retrieved on 2008-06-06.
  150. ^ 1950 FIFA World Cup Brazil. Previous FIFA World Cups. International Federation of Association Football. Retrieved on 2008-06-06.
  151. ^ 2014 FIFA World Cup Brazil. International Federation of Association Football. Retrieved on 2008-06-06.
  152. ^ Formula 1 Grande Premio do Brasil 2008. The Official Formula 1 Website. Retrieved on 2008-06-06.
  153. ^ a b Chronological list of Pan American Games. Pan American Sports Organization. Retrieved on 2008-06-06.
  154. ^ Rio de Janeiro 2016 Olympic bid official website. Brazilian Olympic Committee. Retrieved on 2008-06-06.

Further reading

  • Alves, Maria Helena Moreira (1985). State and Opposition in Military Brazil. Austin, TX: University of Texas Press. 
  • Amann, Edmund (1990). The Illusion of Stability: The Brazilian Economy under Cardoso. World Development (pp. 1805–1819). 
  • Background Note: Brazil. US Department of State.
  • Bellos, Alex (2003). Futebol: The Brazilian Way of Life. London: Bloomsbury Publishing plc. 
  • Bethell, Leslie (1991). Colonial Brazil. Cambridge: CUP. 
  • Costa, João Cruz (1964). A History of Ideas in Brazil. Los Angeles, CA: University of California Press. 
  • Fausto, Boris (1999). A Concise History of Brazil. Cambridge: CUP. 
  • Furtado, Celso. The Economic Growth of Brazil: A Survey from Colonial to Modern Times. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. 
  • Martinez-Lara, Javier (1995). Building Democracy in Brazil: The Politics of Constitutional Change. Macmillan. 
  • Malathronas, John (2003). Brazil: Life, Blood, Soul. Chichester: Summersdale. 
  • Prado Júnior, Caio (1967). The Colonial Background of Modern Brazil. Los Angeles, CA: University of California Press. 
  • Schneider, Ronald (1995). Brazil: Culture and Politics in a New Economic Powerhouse. Boulder Westview. 
  • Skidmore, Thomas E. (1974). Black Into White: Race and Nationality in Brazilian Thought. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 
  • Wagley, Charles (1963). An Introduction to Brazil. New York, New York: Columbia University Press. 
  • (2006) The World Almanac and Book of Facts: Brazil. New York, NY: World Almanac Books. 
  • Leal, Victor Nunes (1977). Coronelismo: The Municipality and Representative Government in Brazil. Cambridge: CUP. 

External links

Find more about Brazil on Wikipedia's sister projects:
Dictionary definitions
Textbooks
Quotations
Source texts
Images and media
News stories
Learning resources
Wikisource has original text related to this article:
Brazil Portal

Government and administration

Information and statistics

Economy and business

Tourism and sports

v • d • e
Flag of Brazil Brazil topics
History
Politics
Economy
Geography
Demographics
Culture
Other topics
Portal · Brazil Collaboration · Current events in Brazil · WikiProject




BCUZ.com FACTS Encyclopedia content is licensed under the GFDL as approved by Wikipedia.
For more information review our copyright contact and privacy policy.
© 1996 - BCUZ.COM - We have all the FACTS you need about Small Business Financing, Behavior Disorder, Having Too Many Bills, Needing Cash Fast, Structured Settlements, Frequent Flier Programs, Top Steak Houses, The Mayan Indians, Norfolk and Suffolk England, Growing Longer Hair and a full reference English Encyclopedia and Spanish Encyclopedia.Privacy Policy