Bong
Bong advocates claim that the cooling of the smoke helps to reduce the chance of burning the mouth, airways, and lungs. The water can trap some heavier particles and the more water-soluble molecules, preventing them from entering the smoker's airways.[6] While smokers tend to believe that bongs are less damaging than other smoking methods, a 2000 NORML-MAPS study found that "water pipes filter out more psychoactive THC than they do other tars, thereby requiring users to smoke more to reach their desired effect".[7] Smoke from cannabis supplied by the NIDA was drawn through a number of smoking devices and analyzed. A smoking machine, adjusted to mimic the puff length of cannabis smokers, drew smoke through a standard bong, a small portable bong with a folding stem, a bong with a motorized paddle that thoroughly mixes the smoke with the water, and two different types of vaporizers.
However, MAPS[8] reviewed a study that examined the effects and composition of water-filtered and non-filtered cannabis and tobacco smoke. It found that when alveolar macrophages, an important component in the lungs' immune system, were exposed to unfiltered smoke, there was a marked reduction in the macrophages' ability to fight bacteria, whereas there was no such reduction in those exposed to water-filtered smoke. It also found that there is substantial epidemiological evidence among tobacco smokers that those who smoke through water-pipes, as opposed to cigarettes, cigars, and regular pipes, have lower incidences of carcinoma. "It appears that water filtration can be effective in removing components from cannabis smoke that are known toxicants... The effectiveness of toxicant removal is related to the smoke's water contact area. Specially designed water pipes, incorporating particulate filters and gas-dispersion frits, would likely be most effective in this regard; the gas-dispersion frit serves to break up the smoke into very fine bubbles, thereby increasing its water-contact area."[9] This study suggests that a bong's smoke is less harmful than unfiltered smoke.
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Variations
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The ice bong is a type of "slide" or carburetor bong made of glass or acrylic which has a twist or ice trap in the neck where ice can be added. The ice cools the smoke when the user inhales. These bongs are typically produced in bright colors, and they often have carburetor holes on the opposite side to the bowl or slightly to the left or right of that position. These tend to have larger chambers than other bong varieties, as ice is used rarely in smaller bongs.
A bubbler is a small bong where the stem is internal and the bowl is at the very top. Most of the bong is enclosed, with only a hole in the side to act as the carburetor. These operate very much like a pipe, since their internal chamber is so small, but they have identical parts to a typical bong. They are considered more pleasant to smoke out of than a regular pipe because the smoke is cooled through the water. They also do not produce the characteristic "chugging" sound of bongs when the smoke is inhaled.
A vaporizer-bong, or "vapor-bong," uses a box-type vaporizer or heat gun to heat up the substance that is being smoked. The vapor goes through the attachment, filters through the water, and passes through a layer of ice.
A shottie (also called a "pull-through" or "popper") is a bong made out of a plastic bottle which replaces the bowl and stem with a tube. To use a "shottie", a small piece of tobacco is placed into the end of the tube, which is then stamped into a patch of finely ground hash or marijuana. The user then lights the substance and gently inhales, slowly filling the chamber, and then inhales violently to pull the ash and unburnt tobacco ball into the water.
A gravity bong (also known as "gravs", "g-bong", "GB", "waterfall", of "plunger") uses water to generate a slow and constant vacuum in the chamber. These bongs tend to be homemade devices using large plastic bottles and buckets filled with water. Water percolates in a gravity bong by attaching a tube from the bowl piece, through the cap in the bottle, down to the water. In a waterfall bong, a small capped-off hole is cut on the side, which makes it easier to fill the bong with water and create the vacuum.
A bong may be constructed from any air- and water-tight vessel by adding a bowl and stem apparatus (a slide)[10]; there are reports of such things as videogame controllers[11] or even human skulls[12] being used as bongs.
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See also
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References
- ^ Office of National Drug Control Policy.
- ^ Contraband: The Sale of Regulated Goods on the Internet.
- ^ Thai dictionary entry for baawng.
- ^ The text read: Many thanks to Scott Bennett for the beautiful special bong he made for my pipe collection. Text cited in bong, n.3 The Oxford English Dictionary. 2nd ed. 1989. OED Online. Oxford University Press. 20 April 2006 http://dictionary.oed.com/cgi/entry/50024920
- ^ Bong Science 101, retrieved 25 November 2007
- ^ Marijuana Consumption: Smoking, Eating, And Drinking Marijuana.
- ^ MAPS/CaNORML vaporizer and waterpipe studies.
- ^ Nicholas V. Cozzi, Ph.D. Effects of water filtration on marijuana smoke: a literature review
- ^ Nicholas V. Cozzi, Ph.D. Effects of water filtration on marijuana smoke: a literature review
- ^ Can a human skull be used as a bong?, retrieved 12 May 2008
- ^ N64 Controller Bong Combines the Two Reasons Your College GPA Sucked, retrieved 13 May 2008
- ^ 3 Accused of Using Corpse Head to Smoke Pot, retrieved 12 May 2008
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