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Birmingham



Main article: Second city of the United Kingdom

Birmingham has traditionally been regarded by many as the Second city of the United Kingdom. It is the most populous English city and has an important cultural and industrial impact on British life for centuries. A 2007 poll by the BBC placed Manchester ahead of Birmingham in the category of second city of England,[126] but also ahead in the category of third city. Neither categories are officially sanctioned, and criteria for determining what 'second city' means are ill-defined.

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Notable residents

Joseph Chamberlain
Joseph Chamberlain
Main article: List of famous residents of Birmingham, England

Birmingham has a number of notable residents from various walks of life. Joseph Chamberlain, who was once mayor of Birmingham and later became an MP, and his son Neville Chamberlain, who was lord mayor Birmingham and later the British Prime Minister, are two of the most well-known political figures who have lived in Birmingham. Author J. R. R. Tolkien was brought up in Birmingham with many locations in the city such as Moseley bog, Sarehole Mill and Perrott's Folly supposedly being the inspiration for various scenes in The Lord of the Rings. Writer W. H. Auden grew up in the Harborne area of the city. Entertainers who were born or who have lived in Birmingham include comedians Tony Hancock and Jasper Carrott and the actors Trevor Eve and Martin Shaw. In more recent times, Cat Deeley became a popular television presenter in the UK and USA. Birmingham has also produced a number of popular bands and musicians. The Streets, UB40, Editors, The Twang, Ocean Colour Scene, Judas Priest, Black Sabbath, Led Zeppelin, Wizzard and Duran Duran were all popular bands, whilst musicians Jeff Lynne, Ozzy Osbourne, John Lodge, Nick Mason, Christine McVie, Roy Wood, Jamelia, and Steve Winwood all were very successful. Other famous residents include Birmingham-historian Carl Chinn famous for his passionate love for the city; Tony award winning political playwright David Edgar; and Booker Prize winning novelist David Lodge.

The 'Walk of Stars', similar to the Hollywood Walk of Fame, was unveiled in July 2007 to honour the famous residents of Birmingham. The first star to be placed on the walk, which is located on Broad Street, was by Ozzy Osbourne.[127] The second star, honouring Jasper Carrott, was placed in the walk in September 2007 during ArtsFest.[128]

See also: Blue Plaques erected by the Birmingham Civic Society.

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Science and invention

Matthew Boulton
Matthew Boulton
Main article: Science and invention in Birmingham

Birmingham has been the location for some of the most important inventions and scientific breakthroughs. Local inventions and notable firsts include: gas lighting, custard powder, the magnetron, the first ever use of radiography in an operation, Lewis Paul and John Wyatt's first cotton Roller Spinning machine and the UK's first ever hole-in-the-heart operation, at Birmingham Children's Hospital.[129]

Among the city's notable scientists and inventors are Matthew Boulton, proprietor of the Soho engineering works, Sir Francis Galton, originator of eugenics and important techniques in statistics, Joseph Priestley, chemist and radical and James Watt, engineer and inventor who is associated with the steam engine. Many of these scientists were members of the Lunar Society, which was based in the city.[130]

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Twin cities

Birmingham's town twins[131] are:

Birmingham, Alabama, USA is named after the city and shares an industrial kinship.[132]

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See also

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References

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    Data on sheet NUTS34, line 339
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  45. ^ Comparison Expenditure CACI Retail Footprint 2005. CACI.[dead link]
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  48. ^ NUTS3 Gross Value Added (GVA) (1995-2003) Tables (xls). Office for National Statistics. Retrieved on 2008-06-07.
    Data on sheet NUTS33, line 102
  49. ^ Local area labour markets: statistical indicators - Parliamentary Constituency tables (Unemployment Rate January 2005 to December 2005) (xls). Office for National Statistics. Retrieved on 2008-06-07.
  50. ^ Birmingham City Council. Business Objects Customers.[dead link]
  51. ^ Constituencies and Wards. Birmingham City Council. Retrieved on 2008-06-07.
  52. ^ Members of Parliament. Birmingham City Council. Retrieved on 2008-06-07.
  53. ^ What is a locally listed building?. Birmingham City Council. Retrieved on 2008-06-07.
  54. ^ Birmingham And Regional Planning. Birmingham City Council. Retrieved on 2008-06-07.
  55. ^ Canals in Birmingham. Birmingham City Council. Retrieved on 2008-06-07.
  56. ^ Dad, are we nearly there yet?. BBC. Retrieved on 2008-06-07.
  57. ^ About Birmingham International Airport. Birmingham International Airport. Retrieved on 2008-06-07.
  58. ^ The amazing number 11 bus. BBC Birmingham (2005-06-27). Retrieved on 2008-06-07.
  59. ^ Barbara Elsom (2005-06-21). Route 11 Bus Showcase. Birmingham City Council. Retrieved on 2008-06-07. “Since 2001 231 bus stops out of 272 have been upgraded to Showcase standards...”
  60. ^ Bus Services. Centro. Retrieved on 2008-06-07.
  61. ^ Travelmetro.co.uk. Centro. Retrieved on 2008-06-07.
  62. ^ The Midland Metro (Birmingham City Centre Extension, etc.) Order 2005. Office of Public Sector Information (2005). Retrieved on 2008-06-07.
  63. ^ Birmingham City Council Primary and Secondary. Birmingham Grid for Learning (BGfL). Retrieved on 2008-06-07.
  64. ^ Birmingham City Council Special Needs Schools. Birmingham Grid for Learning (BGfL). Retrieved on 2008-06-07.
  65. ^ Facts about Birmingham Library Service. Birmingham City Council. Retrieved on 2008-06-07.
  66. ^ Birmingham Adult Education Service. Birmingham City Council. Retrieved on 2008-06-07.
  67. ^ Birmingham Mobile Library Service. Birmingham City Council. Retrieved on 2008-06-07.
  68. ^ Grammar Schools of King Edward the Sixth. The Grammar Schools of King Edward the Sixth in Birmingham. Retrieved on 2008-06-07.
  69. ^ Sutton Coldfield College. Retrieved on 2008-06-07.
  70. ^ Joseph Chamberlain College. Retrieved on 2008-06-07.
  71. ^ Naqvi, Shahid (2007-09-07). City college wins right to grant degrees. Birmingham Post. Retrieved on 2008-06-07.
  72. ^ A New Year and a new name for the College.. University College Birmingham. Retrieved on 2008-01-07.
  73. ^ Steve Pain (2006-03-21). College gets new bite of Apple. Birmingham Post. Retrieved on 2008-06-07.
  74. ^ a b Crime figures for Birmingham. UpMyStreet. Retrieved on 2008-06-07.
  75. ^ Crime in Birmingham. United Streets of Birmingham. Retrieved on 2008-06-07.
  76. ^ a b c Birmingham's Crime & Disorder Audit - Summary for Consultation 2005 (pdf). Birmingham Crime Safety Partnership. Retrieved on 2007-11-18.
  77. ^ 1Birmingham - We love our sport. Marketing Birmingham. Retrieved on 2008-06-07.
  78. ^ Alumni - Brian Lara. Warwickshire County Cricket Club. Retrieved on 2008-06-07.
  79. ^ The NIA. Retrieved on 2008-06-07.
  80. ^ Lawn Tennis and Major T. H. Gem. Birmingham Civic Society. Retrieved on 2008-06-07.
  81. ^ Steve Beauchampe (2006). Played in Birmingham. Malavan Media. ISBN 0-9547445-1-9. 
    Birmingham's Sporting Heritage. Birmingham City Council. Retrieved on 2008-06-07.
  82. ^ Birmingham Breweries. Midlands Pubs.co.uk. Retrieved on 2008-06-07.
  83. ^ BID Broad Street. Retrieved on 2008-06-07.
  84. ^ Taste of the Orient sweet for Wing Yip. The Birmingham Post Midland Rich List 2006 (2006-01-06). Retrieved on 2008-06-07.
  85. ^ The Balti Experience. Birmingham City Council. Retrieved on 2006-12-19.
  86. ^ Michelin Recommended Restaurants in Birmingham. Sugarvine. Retrieved on 2008-06-07.
  87. ^ David Konow (2002). Bang Your Head: The Rise and Fall of Heavy Metal. Three Rivers Press. ISBN 0-609-80732-3. 
  88. ^ Birmingham Local Events. BBC. Retrieved on 2008-06-07.
  89. ^ Birmingham International Jazz Festival venues. Birmingham Jazz Festival. Retrieved on 2008-06-07.
  90. ^ Thomas Trotter - Organ. Patrick Garvey Management. Retrieved on 2008-06-07.
  91. ^ Birmingham Town Hall: The Organ. Birmingham City Council. Retrieved on 2008-06-07.
  92. ^ Birmingham Royal Ballet. Birmingham City Council. Retrieved on 2008-06-07.
  93. ^ Elmhurst School for Dance.[dead link]
  94. ^ Theatres in Birmingham. Birmingham City Council. Retrieved on 2008-06-07.
  95. ^ About the Birmingham Poet Laureate. Birmingham City Council. Retrieved on 2008-06-07.
  96. ^ Barber Institute is 'Gallery of the Year'. Barber Institute of Fine Arts (2003-12-08). Retrieved on 2008-06-07.
  97. ^ John Baskerville of Birmingham. Birmingham City Council. Retrieved on 2007-09-29.
  98. ^ RUSKIN POTTERY CENTENARY EXHIBITION (pdf). The Geffrye Museum, London. Retrieved on 2007-09-29.
  99. ^ History of the Whistle. District Referee Coordinator - Durham. Retrieved on 2007-09-29.
  100. ^ Jonathan Glancey (2002-05-18). The mogul's monuments - How Oscar Deutsch's Odeon cinemas taught Britain to love modern architecture. The Guardian. Retrieved on 2007-09-29.
  101. ^ Alec Issigonis, Automotive Designer (1906-1988). Design Museum, London. Retrieved on 2007-09-29.
  102. ^ Will a fest by any other name smell as sweet?. Birmingham Mail (2006-12-01). Retrieved on 2008-06-07.
  103. ^ History of St. Patrick's Day. AnySubject. Retrieved on 2008-06-07.
  104. ^ The Electric Cinema website. Retrieved on 2008-06-07.
  105. ^ Thom Gorst (1995). The Buildings Around Us. Taylor & Francis, 93. ISBN 0419193308. 
  106. ^ Birmingham IMAX. Thinktank. Retrieved on 2007-11-28.
  107. ^ Liam Kennedy (2004). Remaking Birmingham: The Visual Culture of Urban Regeneration. Routledge, 115. ISBN 041528838X. 
  108. ^ About Us - Information about BBC English Regions. BBC. Retrieved on 2008-06-07.
  109. ^ Lights, campus, action for BBC Birmingham's Television Drama Village. BBC Press Release (2005-05-09). Retrieved on 2008-06-07.
  110. ^ Joanna Geary (2007-10-19). Birmingham escapes BBC cull - and gains Casualty. Birmingham Post. Retrieved on 2007-11-28.
  111. ^ Lee Carey (2003-02-01). Ever Decreasing Circles. Studio One. Retrieved on 2008-05-10.
  112. ^ Radio stations in the West Midlands. Radio Now.
  113. ^ The Archers airs 15,000th episode. BBC News (2006-11-07). Retrieved on 2007-11-28.
  114. ^ Birmingham's New Leisure Complex. MEM Online News. Retrieved on 2008-06-07.
  115. ^ Nightlife in the City Centre. Birmingham City Council. Retrieved on 2008-06-07.
  116. ^ Schedule of Nationally Listed Buildings of Historic Interest in Birmingham (pdf). Birmingham City Council Planning Department. Retrieved on 2008-06-07.
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  119. ^ Anne Baltz Rodrick (2004). Self-Help and Civic Culture: Citizenship in Victorian Birmingham. Ashgate Publishing. ISBN 0754633071. 
  120. ^ Birmingham's hidden jewel. BBC Birmingham. Retrieved on 2008-06-07.
  121. ^ Phil Jones. Tower Block Modernism vs. Urban Morphology: An analysis of Lee Bank, Birmingham (pdf). Retrieved on 2008-06-07.
  122. ^ Aerial View of New Street Station 1963. Birmingham City Council. Retrieved on 2008-06-07.
  123. ^ Castle Vale. Birmingham City Council. Retrieved on 2008-06-07.
  124. ^ Awards. Future Systems. Retrieved on 2008-06-07.
  125. ^ Birmingham High Places document. Birmingham City Council. Retrieved on 2008-06-07.
  126. ^ Manchester tops second city poll. BBC News (2007-02-10). Retrieved on 2008-06-07.
  127. ^ Ozzy Osbourne to be the first star on the Birmingham Walk of Stars (pdf). Broad Street Business Improvement District (2007-05-17). Retrieved on 2008-06-07.
  128. ^ Jasper Carrott to be the next star honoured on the Birmingham Walk Of Stars. Jasper Carrott.com (2007-07-20). Retrieved on 2008-06-07.
  129. ^ Facts about Birmingham. BirminghamNet. Retrieved on 2008-06-07.
  130. ^ Lunar Society. BirminghamUK. Retrieved on 2008-06-07.
  131. ^ Partner Cities. Birmingham City Council. Retrieved on 2008-06-07.
  132. ^ Birmingham, Alabama. BirminghamNet. Retrieved on 2008-06-07.

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External links

Find more about Birmingham on Wikipedia's sister projects:
Dictionary definitions
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v • d • e
The city of Birmingham, West Midlands
v • d • e
Suburbs in Birmingham, West Midlands
v • d • e
Council constituencies in Birmingham:
v • d • e
Ceremonial county of West Midlands
Metropolitan districts
Cities and towns
Aldridge • Amblecote • Bilston • Birmingham • Blackheath • Bloxwich • Brierley Hill • Brownhills • Coseley • Coventry • Darlaston • Dudley • Halesowen • Hampton-in-Arden • Oldbury • Rowley Regis • Sedgley • Smethwick • Solihull • Stourbridge • Sutton Coldfield • Tipton • Walsall • Wednesbury • Wednesfield • West Bromwich • Willenhall • Wolverhampton
See also: West Midlands
Rivers
Topics
West Midlands conurbation • Coventry/Bedworth Urban Area • Category:West Midlands
v • d • e
Districts of the West Midlands Region
Counties with multiple districts: Shropshire, Staffordshire, Warwickshire, West Midlands, Worcestershire
v • d • e
Places with city status in the United Kingdom
England
Scotland
Wales
Northern Ireland
Belfast · Derry · Armagh · Newry · Lisburn
v • d • e
25 largest settlements in the UK by urban core population

Coordinates: 52°29′1″N 1°54′23″W / 52.48361, -1.90639




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