Anglo-Iraqi War
The British forces pressed on to Baghdad, where the government of Rashid Ali collapsed. Rashid Ali and his supporters fled to Persia and then on to Germany. On 31 May 1941, an armistice was signed[13] and the monarchy and a pro-British government was put back in place. British forces remained in Iraq until 1947 and the country remained effectively under British control. The British considered the occupation of Iraq necessary to ensure that access to its strategic oil resources be maintained. Iraq was subsequently used as a base for some of the troops used to attack Syria in the Syria-Lebanon campaign in June and July 1941 and also the Anglo-Soviet invasion of Iran in August to September 1941. Forward defences against a possible German invasion from the north were created in 1942. After 1942, Iraq and Iran were used to transit war material to the Soviet Union.
While Rashid Ali and his supporters were in alliance with the Nazi regime in Germany, the war demonstrated that Iraq's independence was at best conditional on British approval of the government's actions.
Military occupation of Iraq continued for two years after the war was over, finally ending on 26 October 1947.
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Syria, Lebanon, and Iran
The Anglo-Iraqi War was soon followed by the Syria-Lebanon campaign and the Anglo-Soviet invasion of Iran. Many of the forces involved in Iraq were soon involved in Syria, Lebanon, and Iran.
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See also
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Bibliography
- Mackenzie, Compton (1951). Eastern Epic. Chatto & Windus, London. Chapter 8 (pp82–106) covers the Anglo-Iraq war and the lead up to it from the British perspective with particular reference to the activities of the Indian Army formations involved.
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Footnotes
- ^ Compton Mackenzie, p89.
- ^ Compton Mackenzie, pp92–93.
- ^ Compton Mackenzie, p101.
- ^ Compton Mackenzie, p93.
- ^ Compton Mackenzie, pp. 93–94.
- ^ Compton Mackenzie, p. 95.
- ^ Compton Mackenzie, p. 96.
- ^ Compton Mackenzie, p. 96.
- ^ Compton Mackenzie, p. 100.
- ^ Kriegstagebuch des Oberkommandos der Wehrmacht
- ^ Compton Mackenzie, p. 103.
- ^ Crosswinds, Iraq 1941
- ^ Compton Mackenzie, p104.
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External links
- History Guy Anglo-Iraqi war page
- Iraq in World War II
- Iraq, 1941 Displaying paintings of aircraft of both sides.
- The Other "Gulf War"—The British Invasion of Iraq in 1941
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