1956
- July 7 - Gottfried Benn, German poet (b. 1886)
- July 8 - Giovanni Papini, Italian essayist, poet, novelist (b. 1881)
- July 20 - James Alexander Calder, Canadian politician (b. 1856)
- August 2 - Albert Woolson, last surviving Union veteran of the American Civil War (b. 1847)
- August 11 - Jackson Pollock, American painter (b. 1912)
- August 14 - Bertolt Brecht, German playwright (b. 1898)
- August 16 - Bela Lugosi, Hungarian-born film actor (b. 1882)
- August 23 - Peaches Browning, American actress (b. 1910)
- August 25 - Alfred Kinsey, American sex researcher (b. 1894)
- September 11 - Billy Bishop, Canadian pilot (b. 1894)
- September 20 - Flora Eldershaw, Australian novelist, critic, and historian (b. 1897)
- September 22 - Frederick Soddy, English chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1877)
- September 27 - Babe Didrikson Zaharias, American athlete and golfer (b. 1911)
- September 29 - Anastasio Somoza García, President of Nicaragua (b. 1896)
- October 12 - Don Lorenzo Perosi, Italian composer (b. 1872)
- October 17 - Anne Crawford, British actress (b. 1920)
- October 19 - Isham Jones, American musician (b. 1894)
- October 26 - Walter Gieseking, French conductor (b. 1895)
- November 5 - Art Tatum, American jazz pianist (b. 1909)
- November 10 - Harry F. Sinclair, American entrepreneur (b. 1876)
- November 24 - Guido Cantelli, Italian conductor (b. 1920)
- November 26 - Tommy Dorsey, American trombonist and bandleader (b. 1905)
- December 6 - Dr. B. R. Ambedkar, Indian untouchable leader (b. 1891)
- December 7 - Huntley Gordon, Canadian actor (b. 1887)
- December 16 - Nina Hamnett, Welsh artist (b. 1890)
- date unknown
- James Alexander Allan, Australian poet (b. 1889)
- James Cousins, Irish writer (b. 1873)
[
Ship events
- List of ship launches in 1956
- List of ship commissionings in 1956
- List of ship decommissionings in 1956
[
Nobel prizes
- Physics - William Bradford Shockley, John Bardeen, Walter Houser Brattain
- Chemistry - Sir Cyril Norman Hinshelwood, Nikolay Nikolaevich Semenov
- Physiology or Medicine - André Frédéric Cournand, Werner Forssmann, Dickinson W. Richards
- Literature - Juan Ramón Jiménez
- Peace - Not Awarded
[
Notes
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